130 DOMINION EXPERIMENTAL FARMS 



grain. If garden truck or trees, etc., are to be planted, the land 

 should be backset — that is, reploughed two or three inches 

 deeper han it was broken, during the latter part of the summer 

 or early fall. 



As to the most satisfactory crops, this district has shown 

 itself to be pre-eminently suited to the raising of wheat, both 

 winter and spring. Among the winter wheats tested so far, 

 those of the Turkey Red type appear to be much hardier and 

 better suited to our conditions than are the softer wheats 

 commonly grown in Ontario. 



Red Fife stands first in the list of spring wheats. In 

 locations where the season is not quite long enough for this 

 variety, the Marquis is probably the best substitute, next to 

 it the Preston or some similar hard variety. 



Among the varieties of oats that have given satisfaction 

 might be mentioned the Banner, Abundance and Improved 

 American. All of the standard varieties of barley tested have 

 given fair returns, but our results so far would not warrant us 

 in mentioning any particular variety as the best suited to our 

 conditions. 



The hay question is perhaps one of the most perplixing 

 problems confronting the farmer on non-irrigated land in the 

 southern part of the province, for with a perennial crop, it is 

 impossible to introduce a summer-fallow every third year to 

 stimulate growth by the addition of soil moisture conserved 

 thereby. 



The kinds of forage crops that are best suited to our con- 

 ditions are alfalfa, brome grass and western rye grass. Timothy 

 and clover, except in a few more favoured locations, are not so 

 satisfactory. 



Rotations. 



The necessity of having to introduce a summer-fallow 

 occasionally to create a supply of moisture in the sub-soil makes 

 the problem of determining suitable rotations a difficult one. 

 To gather information along this line, a number of rotations 

 were inaugurated in the spring of 1911 and an outline of them 

 is herewith given: — 



Rotation 'A." 



Wheat continuously year after year. 



Rotation ^'B." 



1 — Summer-fallow. 

 2 — Grain — wheat. 



