EVOLUTION 949 



wind-fertilisation, of inconspicuous flowerers more especially, with 

 the respective adaptations to these different methods also. So far well : 



Fig. 162, 



Changes Due to Shortening or Elongating the Axis. I-IV, a series of in- 

 florescences; I, a typical raceme; II, an umbel, i.e. with axis not elongated; 

 III, a capitulum; and IV, a fig. To the right, a series of flowers; i, 

 hypogynous with superior ovary, e.g. buttercup; 2, a shorter floral axis; 

 3, a perigynous, as in strawberry; 4, epigynous, as in rose, with inferior 

 ovary, i.e. with the floral axis depressed. 



yet the origin of all these by indefinite spontaneous variation and 

 natural selection is no longer all-sufficient ; if as here to the matura- 



