EVOLUTION 1105 



biological term "Organic Evolution", and yet this is too common. 

 But biologists are by this time almost unanimous in restricting the 

 term development to the individual Becoming (Ontogeny), e.g. the 

 chick from the egg, the frog from the tadpole, the moth from the 

 chrysalis. Out of the apparent simplicity of the fertilised egg-cell 

 there develops the obvious complexity of the fully formed organism ; 

 the latent becomes patent, the implicit manifoldness explicit, the 

 invisible visible. In a way that we cannot image the egg-cell is an 

 heir of the ages, with a rich equipment of initiatives that receive 

 many different names. Development is the expression of the inheri- 

 tance in appropriate nurture, and it is marked by progressive dif- 

 ferentiation and integration. But there should be no confusion of 

 this process of Individual Becoming with the process of Racial 



nc 



Fig. 193. 



Skeleton of a Mole's Fore-arm and Hand. From a specimen. OP, olecranon 

 process of the ulna (U) ; R, radius ; C, carpal or wrist-bones in two rows ; 

 MC, metacarpals bearing the digits (I-V), at the ends of which there 

 are the claws, coloured dark. P is a sesamoid bone, called pisiform. SB, 

 special sickle-bone, which helps to make the hand a shovel. 



Becoming which we caU Organic Evolution. No doubt the two are 

 correlated, for ontogeny tends in a general way to recapitulate 

 phylogeny, as Haeckel so clearly expounded. Moreover, according 

 to most embryologists, the intricate manoeuvres that go on in the 

 early history of the germ-cells, and continue into their maturation 

 and fertilisation, afford opportunities for the origin of many of the 

 new departures (variations and mutations) that form a considerable 

 part of the raw material of organic advance. It is an interesting 

 question whether the Becoming of the mental aspect of the organism 

 should be called by the same name as the Becoming of the bodily 

 aspect, yet mental ontogeny, and even mental phylogeny too, are 

 studies in active progress, and we are becoming more and more 

 unable to isolate the study of life from that of mind, for else biology 

 falls towards necrology and psychology volatilises to phantomology. 

 But at any rate there can be no doubt as to the convenience and 



VOL. II BB 



