BIOLOGY AMONG THE SCIENCES 1119 



mention only the more obvious, as of races, of populations and 

 eugenics, as also of public health and wellbeing. 



BIOLOGY AMONG OTHER FIELDS OF STUDY— Thanks to a 

 good architectural adjustment, our corridor leads forward to a wide 

 oriel window from which to look out into the wider world of life, 

 from which our studies come and to which they must ever return. 

 In the opposite direction, the corridor opens into the great hall of 

 the University, in which its studies are reviewed and adjudged year 

 by year. Here then all our synthetic endeavours have also some day 

 to be brought together; but we are not yet ready to enter this. Let 

 us rather descend from our corridor, with its outline of life-studies, 

 and look over the University anew. Without entering into its range 

 of humanistic departments, we are here first concerned to note the 

 studies which deal with distinctive fields of biological science, not 

 only anatomy, histology, and physiology, with their manifold 

 applications in the school of medicine, but more especially the 

 zoological and botanical departments, with their naturalistic and 

 applied interests. Next, as necessary to all such biological studies, 

 we have to profit by the physical and chemical departments; and 

 these in their widening range, from simplest mechanics through 

 physics and chemistry, and nowadays even to subtlest radiology. 

 Yet increasingly necessary for comprehension of all these is the 

 study of mathematics; with which logic, all-persuasive throughout 

 the sciences, is being increasingly related, so that we may here think 

 of them together. Hence the science student usually begins with 

 mathematics, as the most clearly logical of disciplines, and thence 

 proceeds through the schools of physics and chemistry, towards his 

 biological training. 



To bring all these studies further towards order is no easy task 

 as yet. Here we may pursue the concrete clue, even technical 

 method; which our bio-social corridor suggested, by making what we 

 can of similar summaries and comparisons through the other and 

 longer corridors we have traversed in this peregrination through 

 their departments of knowledge. Imagine then the mathematician 

 and logician adjusting their endeavours, as Whitehead, RusseU, 

 and others have increasingly been doing. See, too, the mathema- 

 tician and physicist doing the like; and this for the main phases of 

 the history of their subjects up to date, and with vacant wall panels 

 for such further continuance as may be. Imagine again the physicists 

 bringing out from their vast departments and apparatus rooms their 

 essential summaries, and again as graphically as may be; so that 

 from the simplest old lever diagrams to the chemist's balance and 

 onwards, the student may rapidly visualise the doctrines of per- 

 sistence of matter and conservation of energy, as Lavoisier and 

 Dalton, Kelvin and Helmholtz respectively illuminated these; and 



