1240 LIFE : OUTLINES OF GENERAL BIOLOGY 



in way of being overcome ; and the recent progress of the treatment 

 of syphiHs — first thanks so notably to Ehrhch and Wassermann, 

 and more recently to brilliant workers of the Pasteur Institute — ^is 

 now being utilised throughout all our cities. 



THE SCIENCE OF BIO-SOCIOLOGY 



Biology has a large number of facts and ideas which the 

 sociologist, it he is wise, will take account cf, and the social 

 reformer, if he is alert, will utihse. Let us think of some of the con- 





I 



H 



in 



i^x^. 



« 



Fig. 197. 



The Field of the Sciences. I, The Domain of Things, the Cosmosphere. 

 II. The Realm of Organisms, the Biosphere. Ill, The Kingdom of 

 Man, the Sociosphere. The arrows indicate influences: (a) from III on II; 

 (fe) from II on I; (r) from III on I; [d) from I on III; {e) from I on II- 

 (/) from II on III. 



tributions that biology has to make to sociology and to the en- 

 deavours of the social reformer. To begin with, let us give attention 

 for a moment to a simple graph, which suggests: (i) the cosmo- 

 sphere, the world of things, from solar systems to dewdrops; (2) 

 the biosphere, clothing the earth with a thin living envelope, the 

 realm of organisms; and then (3) within that again, the kingdom 

 of man, the sociosphere, the world of human affairs and institutions. 

 It is a very elementary graph, but one that is useful in our 

 working and thinking. Translated into English it suggests the three 

 great orders of facts — the domain of things, the realm cf organisms, 

 the kingdom of man. Much lies in the choice of a word; it is not 

 capriciously that one speaks of the domain of things, the realm of 

 organisms, the kingdom of man. The diagram or graph can be 

 elaborated in all sorts of ways; thus the sociosphere invades the 

 biosphere for good and ill; when man domesticates animals and 



