i4o8 LIFE : OUTLINES OF GENERAL BIOLOGY 



since we have no adequate psychology; and we come to you to 

 teach us. We plead, as students, so he consents. He shows us far 

 more than we knew of our senses; he finds out how far our experience 

 of fatigue is genuine or really only laziness ; or again how far we may 

 be over-fatigued and yet not realise it; and he even tells us some- 

 something about our feelings. But when we ask — how does all this 

 bear on social science? — he has little or no answer. But as we go, 

 the geographer exclaims: "Sense! — That place I am surveying 

 impresses my senses, and I turn them on it and observe it." Then the 

 economist: "Since I got behind the market, and interested in real 

 work, I am getting some experience in mj^ workshop and garden, 

 and domg ever so much better than at first." And the anthro- 

 pologist: "Since I got beyond measuring skulls to these real people 

 I've been with in Polynesia, I've had quite a feeling for them. And 

 I got on with them too." 



So this is the sort of elementary psychology we were looking for. 

 Place-Sense, Work-Experience, Folk-Feeling: there is our scheme, 

 now far more alive than before. We soon see too that we shall have 

 to compound these psychologic elements also with each other 

 through the other six squares as weU. So here it is. 



Psychology at Simplest. — What use is this diagram? Can this 

 outline-psychology reaUy help us ? First of all by its very simplicit}' ; 

 for here we have got down to fundamentals, since all this psychology 

 we have in common with our own dog and even cat. They both know 

 the place, and as home, and the home folks too; they have experi- 

 ence, and use sense-experience and show feeling-experience, at their 

 work of rabbit-chasing, mousing, and so on ; every one of these nine 

 elements is more or less plainly verifiable in their ways of life. So 

 is not this the essential outUne and starting-point for comparative 

 and human psycholog\^ alike, since applicable for tracing down- 

 wards to simpler animals, and upwards to man, from childhood 

 onwards? So to aid familiarity with this outline and bring out its 



