60 DISEASES OF THE AIR-PASSAGES. 



not only does tlie distortion of the larynx and windpipe be- 

 come permanent and irremediable, in consequence of the 

 parts losing all their wonted tone and elasticity, but changes 

 of their structure take place : the muscles shrink and waste 

 away ; and the cartilage itself becomes altered — probably 

 converted partially into bone. Should the subject be a 

 harness-horse, and have been in the habit of being tightly 

 borne up, let him for the time to come be driven without any 

 bearing-rein at all ; and, in addition to this, when in the 

 stable, let him be bitted to the side-chains or straps, for 

 a couple of hours, twice a-day, in such a manner that his 

 head may be kept continually elevated, and his nose pro- 

 jected forwards, a la Russieyme. This is also the best plan 

 we can pursue in a case where the mischief has been occa- 

 sioned by any injurious constraint of the head in breaking, 

 bitting, or lungeing the horse. 



Hopeless cases. — As such, in general, may be regarded 

 all cases of long duration, arise from what cause they may. 

 Also such as present any reason for believing to be here- 

 ditary, or dependent upon any original malformation of parts. 

 Cases of distortion are equally irremediable when the dis- 

 tortion has existed so long as to destroy the original form 

 and properties of parts, and in their place to have estab- 

 lished fresh ones. Such can only be benefitted by — 



The French treatment, which consists in the perform- 

 ance of bronchotomy or tracheotomy, as we more properly 

 call it. They make a large aperture, and use a proportion- 

 ably large tube,^ so constructed and adapted that the animal 

 can not only freely breathe through it, but do his work, 

 even gallop, with it in his neck. Treated in this manner, 

 there are instances on record of very bad roarers having 

 been known to have been kept exempt from relapse for two 

 or three years, and at work all the time. 



' The tube I have used will be found described in the 1st vol. of ' Hippo- 

 pathology.' Others are now sold which seem preferable. 



