DISEASE OF THE LUNGS. 91 



the perfect command of, manages to render of the greatest service. The 

 sounds denominated bronchophony^ egophony^ and pectriloqiiy^ are all pro- 

 ductions of the voice under various states of disease. In animals we lack 

 this valuable aid. 



We cannot conclude these observations on auscultation without remark- 

 ing, in a general manner, that though of themselves of great importance, 

 they are not to be regarded as infallible : they ought on all occasions to be 

 coupled with the ordinary pathognomic symptoms ; and by the tivo, con- 

 sidered together and relatively, ought the practitioner to be guided. 



We must make ourselves well acquainted with the permanent existence 

 of the different rales. Some sounds will be found to come and go, and 

 become replaced by others quite of another character ; or several sounds 

 may exist at the same time. Notwithstanding all this, however, by 

 patience, attention, and study, we shall be able, I think, to establish in 

 our explorations of the chest, sure diagnotics of pulmonary diseases : our 

 ear being previously well educated for the business. Practice will give 

 us tact in auscultation, and perfection in the art will place us in a 

 situation to estimate the advantages we possess over the person who 

 refuses such aid. 



DISEASE OF THE LUNGS. 



Bronchial Disease of the Lungs, in young horses especi- 

 ally, is a frequent signal. — sometimes an accompaniment, — 

 of catarrh and sore throat. The inflammation either extends 

 from the nose to the throat, or seizes the latter at once, 

 and from the membrane of the larynx descends along the 

 windpipe upon the membrane of the bronchial tubes; or else, 

 as happens often, all parts become simultaneously at- 

 tacked ; or even the inflammation may, by possibility, extend 

 from the lungs upwards to the throat and nose. This is a 

 form of disease very apt to become epidemic at the spring 

 and fall of the year among young horses standing in stables, 

 and often proves so general among them as to acquire the 

 form of a contagious as well as an epidemic disease, and in 

 that guise to obtain the name of distemper or influenza; 

 though, in reality, there is no sufficient evidence of the 

 disease being other than bronchitis in a severe and com- 

 plicated form, attacking horses at an age and under 

 circumstances of peculiar excitability. 



