102 DISEASES OF THE LUNGS. 



pulse and heat of mouth, and injection of the membranes of 

 the nose and eyes ; and now, in the second stage, the breath- 

 ing becomes disturbed, and the case quickly develops itself. 

 The nostrils will be seen opening and shutting their wings ; 

 the flanks laboriously working up and down ; since the dis- 

 turbed breathing will be of a kind to indicate embarrassment 

 or oppression rather than quickness or pain : whereas, in 

 subacute cases, the flanks can hardly be seen to move at all, 

 and then it is that the nostrils become an important guide 

 to us. The pulse, at the beginning, is accelerated, and com- 

 monly distinct ; but, as the disease proceeds, it is very apt to 

 grow indistinct from fulness and oppression; from which, 

 however, it recovers by loss of blood, and then again becomes 

 perceptible, and often, compared to what it was before, pos- 

 sessed of strength. The ears and legs are colder than ever. 

 The membrane of the nose is moist and reddened, and there 

 is often to be perceived a sparing, yellow, slimy issue from one 

 or both nostrils. The horse stands constantly in the same 

 place and posture, often with his fore legs stretched out, and 

 prefers having his head directed either to the door or to any 

 open window there may be. He never offers to lay down ; 

 but from time to time casts a look backward at his heaving 

 flank of a peculiar despondent character, which the expe- 

 rienced practitioner does not fail to recognise. The third 

 and last stage is characterised by the respiration becoming 

 quicker and more oppressed ; the pulse also quicker, but less 

 distinct ; the coldness of the extremities continuing unre- 

 lieved; the membrane of the nose changing from red to a 

 leaden hue; convulsive twitchings of the muscles of the surface; 

 extreme uneasiness ; lying down and rising again ; reeling in 

 his gait; haggard countenance; delirium; convulsions; death. 

 Auscultation, according to D^Arboval, detects a crepi- 

 tating humid rale around the inflamed places, with a louder 

 respiratory murmur than in other parts ; whereas percussion 

 indicates deadness of sound in the diseased parts, but reso- 

 nance in others. There are cases, however, in which, from 

 the inflammation being seated around the roots of the lungs, 

 these tests are not present. 



