174 DISEASES OF THE LUNGS. 



cough of broken-wind ; in which disease, at the expiration 

 of a month from the commencement of the second attack, 

 the case terminated. Ultimately, the horse was cast and sold, 

 broken-ioinded. 



Changes of weather have some such effect on the 

 broken-winded horse as they have on the human asthmatic. 

 During the fogs of autumn and the dry easterly winds of 

 spring, and even in sultry summer weather, the animaPs 

 breathing is apt to be more disturbed, and his cough to be 

 more troublesome, than at other times. I have seen 

 broken-winded horses panting for breath in their stables 

 under exacerbations of this kind ; when, at another time, 

 their respiration has been so tranquil, that, unless our atten- 

 tion had been drawn in an especial manner to them, we 

 should hardly have suspected they were so disordered. 

 Catching cold — the supervention of catarrhal disorder — will 

 also induce an exacerbation. 



Symptoms. — There are two which in an especial manner 

 characterise the disorder, and render it manifest to any 

 person who has once paid attention to them; viz. the 

 respiration and the cough. Expiration is an act tardy and 

 protracted; inspiration, one facile and qiiick. Watch a 

 broken-winded horse breathing. You will see the flank and 

 posterior ribs, after being gradually drawn up, fall all at 

 once, and with the belly quickly expand ; but this act of 

 expansion — inspiration — will be cut short by the subsidence 

 of the parts once more; while the act of subsidence — 

 expiration — will be followed up by one of contraction, by 

 which the flanks and ribs will be forcibly drawn up again to 

 their utmost. So that expiration is, in fact, a double action ; 

 the effect — as Mr. Blaine has happily explained it — of the 

 muscular powers being called to the aid of the elastic or 

 ordinary expiratory agents. The French have designated 

 this peculiar flank-movement by the fantastical names of 

 coup defouet, double terns, contre terns, soubresaut : we might 

 fairly call it jerking respiration. Considering the lungs to 

 be emphysematous — of which both D^Arboval and Delafond 

 admit this kind of breathing to be pathognomonic — these 



