178 DISEASES OF THE LUNGS. 



lobes, or of dilatation throughout the pulmonary tissue. 

 4thly. The dry crepitous and dry sibilous rales, deeply in- 

 terrupted respiration, very loud resonance, and extreme 

 dyspnoea during exercise, are the especial indications of 

 interlobular emphysema. 5thly and lastly. The presence 

 of dry crepitous rale and loud resonance, located in one or 

 more parts of the lung, announce local vesicular dilatation 

 in those places.^' 



Treatment. — No disease more completely evinces the 

 revolution science has effected in veterinary medicine than 

 broken-wind. Our professional forefathers, mistaking the 

 effect for the cause, conceived the disease to consist in 

 distension of the bowels with air, and thought that, by 

 affording additional facility for the emission of this, they 

 cured or palliated the complaint. Accordingly, what did 

 they do ? — nothing less, as we have already seen in Coleman^s 

 account, than absolutely make an artificial anus for the 

 more free escape of this redundance of wind. In the 

 operation the sphincter ani sometimes got divided ; and the 

 poor animal, unable to close his fundament, became ever 

 afterwards a most loathsome spectacle, and but too con- 

 vincing and disgusting a proof of the ignorance and barbarity 

 of his medical attendant. 



Broken-wind is itself an incurable disease. Not- 

 withstanding, it is one whose effects in most cases admit 

 of palliation, and generally in two ways : — either by admi- 

 nistering to the complaint itself, or by putting the bowels 

 into that state most favorable to the animaFs breathing. 

 I shall therefore consider the treatment under two heads, 

 — medical and dietetic. 



Medical treatment will be required at such times as 

 a paroxysm happens to be induced by any concomitant 

 catarrhal or febrile affection. Bloodletting to a small 

 amount may be advisable in cases in which any congestion 

 or inflammatory action prevails in the lungs. In cases 

 where there is more local than general irritation, and when 

 the animal can afford to lose a little blood, we may try what 

 the French veterinarians recommend, — opening the spur- 



