414 DISEASES OF THE INTESTINES. 



the way, an incision forming a circle is to be carried round 

 the protruding mass at sufficient distance from the con- 

 stricted part or neck of the protrusion to leave behind it an 

 arc distended from tumefaction or infiltration, so that their 

 removal will render the retraction of the gut an easy or 

 natural voluntary efiPort. In making incision it may be 

 advisable to take up, and tie with a silk ligature, any vessel 

 met with of size enough (as some of the rectal arterial 

 branches are) to issue a current of blood ; though sometimes 

 no such precaution is required. In the case mentioned of 

 Mr. Gregory (to be found in ^ The Veterinarian,^ vol. xxvi, 

 p. 556), " not more than a quart of blood^^ was lost. The 

 incision ought to be made of sufficient depth to penetrate 

 completely through the substance of the mucous membrane, 

 however morbidly thickened that may be, without running 

 any risk of wounding the muscular coat beneath it ; the 

 object being to dissect the former away and strip it off the 

 latter, so as to lessen the bulk of the mass to that degree 

 that return becomes a voluntary and facile action of the 

 animal himself. As soon, however, as this procedure has been 

 carried near to the inverted anus, care must be taken not to 

 dissect any of, or anywise injure, the sphincter of that part, lest 

 we leave the horse with an imperfection in closing an outlet 

 of so important a character. A soft or mash diet should for 

 a few weeks succeed the operation ; with abstinence from hay, 

 altogether, which from its fibrous prickly nature must be 

 particularly offensive to the denuded gut. Occasional emol- 

 lient clysters are recommendable, especially when there 

 appears any pain or difficulty in giving exit to the faeces. 



HEMORRHOIDS. 



HAEMORRHOIDS or pUeSj are tumours, in general of small 

 size, containing or discharging blood, situate within or 

 around the verge of the anus. 



So rarely have such cases appeared to have been met 

 with, and under such dubious aspect have some of the 

 recorded cases come to us, that but for one or two con- 



