BILIARY CALCULI. 451 



say it would be highly advisable, in many cases, to administer 

 an opiate. The late Mr. Field was in the habit of exhibiting 

 copaiba balls in such a condition. Refer to the treatment 

 recommended for haemoptysis, at page 154; and to the 

 remedies recommeuded for epistaxis, by Mr. Rogers, at page 

 70 of the first part of this volume. The greatest quietude 

 must be enjoined, and everything withdrawn or avoided 

 likely to break in upon it. All that can be done, though 

 it may put off for a while the fatal hour, furnishes little 

 room for hope of any lasting benefit. 



WORMS — HYDATIDS. 



We read of worms being found in the biliary passages; 

 I have never discovered any myself. Hurtrel d'Arboval 

 enumerates their presence among the causes of jaundice. 



Hydatids, I believe to be occasionally bred in the livers 

 of horses. In those of sheep their presence is not so very 

 uncommon; at one time the rot in those animals was as- 

 cribed to hydatids in the liver. 



BILIARY CALCULI. 



The simplicity of the biliary apparatus of the horse affords 

 him a kind of immunity from biliary collections. I know 

 but of one instance in which any were found. That is pub- 

 lished by M. Rigot, in " The Transactions of the Veterinary 

 School at Alfort, for 1833-4.-'^ Ninety of these calculi were 

 taken from the hepatic tubes and duct of a horse by M. 

 Rigot, and they were found to have occasioned considerable 

 dilatation of those cavities, as well as thickening of their 

 parietes. There existed no symptom during life to lead to 

 any suspicion of the presence of the calculi. The same horse 

 had a salivary calculus. 



