CYSTITIS — CYSTORRHCEA. 515 



liquely to one side, ^vhich is ensured by keeping the cutting 

 edge of the bistoury turned outwards, towards the angle of 

 the thigh : a mode of procedure that facilitates the dilata- 

 tion of the parts, while it guards the operator from wound- 

 ing the rectum, and opening either the artery of the bulb 

 or that of the urethra, and also from dividing the suspensory 

 ligaments of the penis. 



Modern surgical instruments suggest to us the pos- 

 sibility of extracting a calculus from the bladder of the male 

 animal by the same means as are practised in the case of 

 the female. When the urethra of the male comes to be 

 opened in the perinajum, and the passage into the bladder 

 is thereby reduced from a sharp curve to nearly a straight 

 line, it appears to me to afford all — or nearly all — the 

 facility for an experiment of this kind which the female 

 urethra presents ; and that we have only to furnish ourselves 

 with proper instruments for dilating the passage, and break- 

 ing the stone, should that be required, to, in s^me cases at 

 least, succeed without the necessity of slitting up the urethra 

 and bladder : at all events, when the calculus is small or of 

 a friable sort, such simple means, I think, ought to be tried 

 before the formidable operation of lithotomy be determined 



CYSTITIS CYSTORRHCEA." 



The first of these terms appears to be most generally used 

 to denote inflammation of the entire substance of the blad- 

 der ; the latter, any inflammation attended with flux of its 

 lining membrane, or even the flux alone : to this last 

 aff'ection has likewise been given the appellation of vesical 

 catarrh, 



I know of no instance of cystitis in the horse ; though it 

 is a disease which might occur, indeed would be very likely 



' This paragraph was written in the year 1841; the practice of the present 

 day pretty well verifies the suggestions contained in it, 



2 A case of " Cystocele" is reported in the Index of the ' Veterinarian,' voL xiv, 

 p. 48, but cannot he found. 



