PARAPHYMOSIS. 529 



surrounding parts. For twelve days afterwards the animal continued 

 amending, when one morning he was discovered agitated, stamping, trying 

 every moment to stale, and trembling. But little urine passed ; the glans 

 penis was very much swollen ; and the pulse very quick. We were about 

 examining into the state of the bladder, when the mule threw himself 

 down, then rose again, and in this convulsive effort discharged a quantity 

 of highly offensive urine per anum. This relieved him ; though still he 

 continued to strain, and every now and then passed more urine, as before. 

 Notwithstanding there must have existed here a urethro-rectal fistula, 

 not many days elapsed before it healed ; for the urine again took its natural 

 course, and the animal perfectly recovered." 



PARAPHYMOSIS 



Is the opposite to phymosis. Instead of the penis being 

 covered and confined within its sheath, it is protruded out, 

 and remains uncovered, and cannot be drawn back within 

 its sheath or prepuce again. This may arise either from 

 the prepuce being in such an inflamed tumefied condition 

 in its retracted state as to become tightly girthed round 

 about the neck of the glans penis, forming a sort of bridling 

 or strangulation of it : or, from the glans itself being swollen 

 to that degree that the prepuce cannot be drawn forward to 

 cover it. 



D^Arboval informs us, that paraphymosis is seen some- 

 times in horses, but oftener in dogs ; and that the stone- 

 horse is more subject to it than the gelding. 



" In the Horse, paraphymosis may be the result of acci- 

 dent, or of an operation, or of castration. In the stallion 

 it may have its rise from excessive venereal action ; from 

 long and continued friction, before coitus, against the 

 female; from strokes with a whip or stick upon the yard 

 while in a state of erection ; from kicks upon the part, 

 which the male renders himself subject to in attempts to 

 cover a vicious mare; from the introduction of the penis 

 into the anus of the mare ; from negligence or mal-addresse 

 of the groom in directing the penis into the vagina; from 

 vain attempts to cover a ringed mare {jument bone fee) ; from 

 introduction of irritating substances into the prepuce with 



II. 34 



