HIPPOPATHOLOGY. 



SECTION XVI. 



DISEASES OF THE BRAIN AND NERVES. 



INJURIES OF THE BRAIN COMA 



CONCUSSION ENCEPHALITIS— PHRENITIS 



FRACTURE OF THE SKULL APOPLEXY 



LOSS OF SUBSTANCE OF | VERTIGO OR MEGRIMS 



THE BRAIN > PARALYSIS 



STAGGERS TETANUS 



ARACHNOIDITIS SPASMS. 



THE smallness of the encephalon or brain of the horse, conspicu- 

 ous even when estimated by the bulk of his own body, yet more so 

 when compared with the human encephalon, together with the pre- 

 dominance in its composition of the medullary over the cineritious 

 or cortical ingredient, are the physical reasons apparent for the 

 limitedness of the animal's intellectual faculties : those agencies 

 which, while their fruitful development constitutes man's supre- 

 macy, and immeasurably contributes to his power and enjoyment 

 as a created being, heavily and sorrowfully add to the evils 

 which he in common with all flesh is heir to. One great proof — 

 if any were wanting further than those furnished by e very-day ob- 

 servation — of the absence of mind or understanding in the brute, 

 is derivable from the pathological fact of any such thing as in- 

 sanity being unknown in veterinary practice. " Les causes elo- 

 ignees," says D' Arboval, " les morales surtout, qui ne manquent pas 

 d'influence sur I'homme, sont inconnues ou ne sont pas appreciees 

 dans les animaux." Although exempt, however, from disturbance 

 by any passions of a social or moral nature, the encephalon of the 

 animal, the same as that of a man, may become affected through 

 symjjathy with other organs — through what we are now taught to 

 call " reflex nervous action" — and in particular with the stomach : 



VOL. III. B 



