SYMPTOMS OF GLANDERS. 167 



become pallid or acquire a leaden hue ; the ulcers, should there 

 be any, at the same time undergoing the same process of de- 

 florescence. 



The late Professor Coleman characterized the inflammation of 

 glanders as specific. As regards its products, it certainly is so ; 

 at the same time there is nothing in its aspect, abstractedly as 

 inflammation, which can lead one to pronounce it the inflammation 

 of glanders. Were it not for the discharges, and, more than them, 

 for the ulceration, we should probably discover no difference be- 

 tween glanderous and common inflammation. 



THICKENING is a change the inflamed membrane, from 

 infiltration, quickly undergoes, and one that often continues ad- 

 vancing, even after all appearances of inflammation have va- 

 nished, so that in the end the membrane not only becomes greatly 

 augmented in substance, but much altered in texture. These 

 changes, hardly discoverable to the eye, from the small portion of 

 membrane visible to us in the living animal, are exposed when we 

 come to examine the head after death : we are then often astonished 

 to find what a degree of thickness the membrane — in the nasal 

 chambers, or in the sinuses, or in both — has attained through in- 

 terstitial deposit or actual growth, something resembling the hy- 

 pertrophic changes exhibited by the uterine membranes during 

 the process of pregnancy. In some cases — in the sinuses espe- 

 cially, perhaps solely — such is the exuberance of the nutrient 

 vessels of the membrane, that it sprouts or granulates upon the 

 surface in some such manner as the conjunctive membrane of 

 the eye of man is known to do in that peculiar human disease 

 called granular conjunctiva. In cases in which the inflammatory 

 action has confined its attack to or expended its force principally 

 on the sinuses of the head, we not infrequently find effusions of 

 lymph upon the membrane lining them ; and these often tend, as 

 they lie upon the floors of the cavities, more or less to obstruct 

 their outlets, and in this manner put a temporary or permanent 

 arrest to the nasal discharges : hence one reason why a glandered 

 horse ejects from his nose a great deal more matter at one time 

 than at another. 



ULCERATION is the symptom upon which we place the 



VOL. III. Z 



