174 DIAGNOSIS OF GLANDERS. 



the character of having been reared in a low, wet, marshy country; 

 such as flat feet, long hairy legs, exuberant chestnuts, &c., or upon 

 one that has a narrow chest and razor back, or that is high upon 

 his legs, loose made, and so forth; and upon one that coughs 

 readily, or cannot stand much work. If, combined with these in- 

 dications, the mucous lining of the nose be thickened, infiltrated, 

 discoloured, as likewise the conjunctive and nictitating membranes, 

 one of the eyes appears sunk and gummy, and the nostril curled 

 and fouled by mucus sticking about it, we may set the case down 

 for glanders in the first stage. 



Our Diagnosis must be grounded, first, on the circumstance of 

 the discharge coming from one or both sides of the head ; secondly, 

 on the nature of the discharges; thirdly, on the presence of ulcer- 

 ation, and the character of it; fourthly, on the presence and 

 character of glandular tumefaction ; fifthly, on the state of the 

 animal's health ; sixthly, on the presence of farcy ; seventhly, on 

 the absence of symptoms proper to other diseases. 



The consideration of the symptom.s that are present, taken 

 collectively and with reference to their origin, together with a 

 notice of the absence of such collateral ones as ought to be present 

 were the disease other than it really is, will furnish us with 

 evidence both of a positive and a negative kind, in regard to its 

 veritable nature ; and though, after all, suspicion may lurk about 

 the case, we shall, by taking proper precautions, not be liable to 

 commit any very serious blunder in our practice ; neither will, com- 

 monly, more than a short elapse of time be required to put an end 

 to all our doubts and apprehensions. 



From Catarrh — the disease with which, of all others, glanders 

 is the most liable to be confounded — it is as difficult to draw the 

 line of distinction in certain forms and stages as in others the 

 difference between the two diseases becomes self-evident. A 

 horse, we will say, has a discharge issuing but from one nostril, 

 with a submaxillary swelling on the same side ; and our opinion 

 is required on the nature of the case. Should cough or sore 

 throat, or other symptom of catarrh, be found present, doubt need 

 no longer exist. Should the horse be young — three, four, or even 

 five years old — we may feel rather inclined to regard it as catarrh. 



