178 DIAGNOSIS OF GLANDERS. 



auces very similar from the velum palati having been pierced in giving balls at 

 the end of a sharp-pointed stick. If you will carefully examine the mouth of 

 the mare, you will find an opening somewhere leading from it into the nose. 

 I am unable to write with greater precision, as you have not mentioned 

 whether the discharge comes from one or both nostrils. You will be com- 

 pelled, I think, to cast her. I am afraid you will not be able to do much 

 good. There can be little prospect of cure, as the orifice will have assumed 

 a fistulous character, which will be kept up by the constant passage of the 

 food. If there exists a carious tooth or piece of bone, it must be removed, 

 and probably the parts will require frequent cleansing by syringing. I do 

 not know any other means of cure. 



The last case of the kind I shall relate is one I transcribe from 

 the valuable posthumous collection of the late Mr. John Field. As 

 in Mr. Simond's case, the disease proved to be in the submaxillary 

 bone. 



On the 10th of November, 1830, an ass belonging to Mr. T , was 



brought to the infirmary, having been under treatment for a disease sup- 

 posed to be glanders. There was an offensive discharge from both nostrils, 

 particularly from the near ; from which, as well as from the mouth on the 

 same side, a quantity of yellowish inspissated pus was occasionally emitted : 

 the submaxillary gland was enlarged. 



On examination, a tumour was observed over the maxillary sinus of the 

 near side, immediately corresponding to the second molar tooth. The ex- 

 ternal surface of the anterior superior maxillary bone was considerably ele- 

 vated in the course of the levator labii superioris and anterior maxillary nerve, 

 beginning just below the escape of that nerve, at the foramen maxillare ante- 

 rius. The base of the second molar tooth within the mouth was in great mea- 

 sure destroyed : the portions remaining in the jaw were immoveable. 



Nov. 12th. — An attempt was made to remove what was left of the tooth by 

 lancing the gums, and by using very strong forceps. This was done under an 

 impression that the fangs of the tooth were diseased, and produced the swell- 

 ing in the antrum maxillare : however, the operation was unsuccessful. — (On 

 the same day an ass was inoculated with some of the glutinous discharge from 

 the near nostril, on the right ala nasi, the right upper palpebra, and on both 

 sides of the back. After a few days a little pus was found in the largest in- 

 cision, but in ten days all the wounds had healed, and the animal was quite 

 well.) 



ISth. — On this day the ass was cast, the hair was shaved from the tumour, 

 and an incision was made through the skin, commencing at an inch below the 

 molar process of the maxillary bone, and extending along the course of the 

 alveolar process to one inch below the edge of the tumour; another trans- 

 verse incision was made across the first, and the four flaps were dissected back. 



