VARIETIES OF GLANDERS. 187 



ists and hunters-after-a-cure to make trial of their various nostrums; 

 and it is the topical influence some of their remedies have had 

 upon the secretion, and even upon the ulceration, of the nasal 

 membrane, that has led so many persons to believe at various 

 times — myself among the number — that they have discovered the 

 veritable antidote : no sooner, however, has the fire which has 

 all along been smouldering within the lungs or head broken out and 

 shewn itself outwardly in the display of acute glanders and farcy, 

 than the glittering bubble of a cure has burst, and our darling remedy 

 has to share the fate of those that have gone before it. 



CHRONIC GLANDERS, properly so called, consists simply 

 in a discharge from the nose, oftener from one nostril than from 

 both, accompanied by enlargement of the correspondent submax- 

 illary lymphatic gland or glands. Symptomatically, it differs from 

 the acute and sub-acute diseases in the absence of any thing like 

 inflammation or vascular injection, or chancre, or in fact of any per- 

 ceptible change whatever in the aspect of the Schneiderian mem- 

 brane denoting morbid activity : all is as usual in the appearance of 

 parts, and in the animal's health and spirits and appetite ; nothing 

 whatever seems amiss, save the flux from the nose and the sub- 

 maxillary tumefaction. And in this state, as I have so recently ob- 

 served, the horse may continue for years*. Pathologically, also, it 

 differs from the acute and sub-acute disorders in having for its espe- 

 cial seat the membrane lining the sinuses of theheadt. It is possible 

 a chronic discharge may proceed from the nasal membrane : I believe, 

 however, that it rarely does or continues so to do for any length of 

 time without some discoverable change in the aspect of that mem- 

 brane; and that, although it is quite possible such a case might, at 

 first, be supposed to be chronic glanders, a little time would suffice 

 to shew whether it really were so or not. If it be chronic glanders, 

 having for its seat the nasal as well as the frontal membrane, or 



* As is exemplified in Mr. Field's case of Sir P. D.'s horse, given at page 

 183. The disease — which turned out to be chronic glanders — had been 

 known to have existed three years : how much longer docs not appear. 



I Some veterinarians assure us a slight prominence is to be felt over the 

 frontal sinus ; and that tenderness when the part is tapped is evinced by the 

 patient ; also that the sound elicited by tapping with the knuckle is dull and 

 obtuse to what it is in the healthy condition. For my own part, however, I 

 cannot say I have ever derived much information from these (fallacious) tests. 



