SEAT AND NATURE OF GLANDERS. ,959 



ended in glanders; in fact, that the two diseases were alike, glanders 

 being but an imperfect evacuation of the strangles. But farci/ being 

 the disease which, of all others, most frequently terminates in 

 glanders, it has received from farriers the appellation of its cousin 

 German. Ordinaril}^ in horses, the disease is of a chronic nature ; 

 but on occasions it assumes the acute form. In mules and asses 

 it is constantly acute*. 



YlTET, 1783, describes glanders to consist in a discharge from 

 the nose of a virulent and contagious humour, in the first stages 

 unaccompanied by fever or cough, or loss of appetite or spirits. 

 The horse, mule, and ass, are the only animals obnoxious to it. 

 The disease commonly commences in one nostril. Its course is 

 very uncertain. The horse may survive one, or two, or even three 

 years. Some regard the pituitari/ membrane, others the lungs, as 

 the seat of glanders. For my own part, I willingly class myself 

 with those who think both the head and the chest the seat of the 

 disease. Those who have considered glanders to be a local disease 

 have essayed by injections to accomplish a cure; while the advo- 

 cates for its being a pulmonary. disease have made use of detersions, 

 such as the terebinthinates and balsams ; while those who have re- 

 garded as its seats both the pituitary membrane and lungs have 

 been as fond of employing internal as external remediest. 



VOLPI, the Italian professor of veterinary medicine, suspects 

 strong identity in nature between glanders and syphilis. Glanders 

 is so frequently associated with farcy, that many assert they are the 

 same disease. Farcy, however, is much more easily cured than 

 glanders. Glanders is only curable while recent : after it has long 

 existed, the organic lesions occasioned by it render all our remedies 

 of no avail, these said lesions proving the disease to be of an in- 

 flammatory nature. It is absurd to consider the submaxillary tu- 

 mefied glands as the focus of the disease, and to imagine that ex- 

 tirpation of them will tend to its removal. 



Snape condemns the operation of trepanning, as insufficient to 

 cure the glanders ; sagaciously asking, " can success be expected 

 from the irrational procedure of attempting to remove the defects, 

 previous to subduing the original cause, ivhich is seated in the 



* Observations sur les Causes de la Morve, &c. &c. 

 t Medecine Veterinaire, par M. Vitet, vol. ii, 1783. 



