344 History of the English Landed Interest. 



time, and in some of whicli this term survives up to tlie present 

 date.^ Other wall fruits mentioned by the author are " apri- 

 cocks," peaches, nectarines, gooseberries and currants, so that 

 nearly all the fruit and the greater portion of the forest species 

 which are now grown in these islands existed in the seven- 

 teenth century. The nursery for stocks, grafting, inoculation, 

 raising fruit trees by seeds, stones, nuts or kernels, propagating 

 them by layers, slips and suckers are all described with an 

 accuracy that would put to shame a modern expert. The 

 names of the varieties, such as Red Streak, White Must, 

 G-reen Must, Genet Moyle, Eliots, Stocken Apple, Summer 

 Fillet, Winter Fillet, etc., all good cider apples, have now of 

 course long become obsolete owing to the introduction of other 

 kinds ; but a perusal of Worledge's process for cider and perry 

 making might possibh^ prove of use amongst the farmers of 

 the English orchard districts, whose recipes are often the out- 

 come of long hereditary practice. This suggestion might 

 possibly also apply to those secrets of hop culture and the oost 

 kiln which Worledge unfolds with the greatest conceivable 

 elaboration. 



The garden seems to have been viewed b}' the Stuart 

 writers as a part and parcel of every farm, and the old English 

 idea that spade work deteriorated a soil - now gave way to the 

 Flemish fashion, which had been to regard the farm as a mere 

 extension of the garden. To the Dutchman the latter was but 

 a miniature of the former, involving such greater finish and 

 minuter touches as the artists of the Dutch school bestowed 

 on their tiny genre paintings. By this time beans, peas, 

 melons, cucumbers, asparagus, cabbage, pompions, both sorts 

 of artichokes, french beans, large and improved varieties of the 

 strawberry, coleworts and coleflowers, savoys, lettuce, beet, 

 anise, carrots, turnips, parsnips, skirrets, radishes, potatoes, 

 onions, garlic and leeks had taken root in English gardens.^ 

 Tobacco had been propagated for the short period allowed it 



' On Mr. Canu Lippincott's Over Court estate tliere is a wood called 

 " Vineyard." 

 - llogers, Prices and Agriculture, vol. v., p. 57. 

 ^ Worledge, Systema Agric. 



