142 THE MODERN HORSE DOCTOR. 



matters contained in the small intestines are solid, and look as 

 though they had been dried, though this is an appearance more 

 common in the large guts, unless there happened to have existed 

 diarrhoea before death ; in the caecum we almost always find this, 

 and for some way also, though in a less marked degree, within 

 the cells of the colon. More or less inflammation is observable 

 in the mucous membrane of the fauces ; the sides of the tongue 

 are covered with ulcerations resembling aphtha? ; and the surface 

 of the pharynx, which is more or less deeply reddened, some- 

 times presents a cribriform or worm-eaten appearance. Its folli- 

 cles also often acquire such considerable development that they 

 might be mistaken for buds, with their orifices wide open. Some 

 of these alterations are perceptible at times within the oesopha- 

 gus. When the disease has proved complicated, we also find, 

 after death, alterations in those organs which have shown a dis- 

 position to partake of it. The liver is often tumid, its veins are 

 gorged with blood, and its substance is pale and without firm- 

 ness ; in some subjects ecchymosis and recent adhesions are ap- 

 parent upon its exterior, evidently the consequences of inflam- 

 mation. The lungs at one time are simply engorged ; at another, 

 within the anterior appendices and extremities of the lobes they 

 exhibit the red induration ; or they are hepatized in places, or 

 inflamed around their periphery, and contain spumous blood. 

 In certain subjects, the pleura is reddened and thickened, and 

 covered with layers of albumen, a part of which forms false 

 membranes and points of adhesion to the walls of the thorax. 

 Effusion is rare ; notwithstanding it has been observed by me in 

 two instances, and in one of them so considerable was the quan- 

 tity that the case nowise differed from hydrothorax. Accord- 

 ing to M. Girard, whose observations we are now borrowing, 

 the heart is the organ most and oftenest affected. The pericar- 

 dium, commonly infiltrated in substance with yellow fluid, contains 

 more or less serosity, sometimes bloody, and affords evident marks 

 of acute inflammation. In many subjects the heart is twice its 

 natural volume, its substance pale and discolored, and void of 

 tenacity, rends with facility ; its exterior, in a state of inflamma- 

 tion, exhibits black spots, the effects either of ecchymosis or gan- 

 grene, (most probably of the former.) Its cavities always contain 



