SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES. 301 



great trade. It is a regular Babel ' (ii. 54). The place is 

 mentioned in P. Orazio della Penna's account of Tibet as 

 Tongor {jf. Asiat. 2nd S. xiv. 195). And in the Chinese 

 ' Itinerary ' already quoted, we find under the first march 

 out of Sining-fu : ' Between this and Sining there is a 

 large lamasery, Dcngcr. In (1727) this became a trade- 

 centre for all the Mongols west of the Hoang-ho.' — [Y.] 



THE KYANG AND THE KULAN. 

 P. 146. 



Some naturalists have distinguished between the Kttlan 

 of West Turkestan, and the Kyang (or Djiggetai of Pallas) 

 of Tibet and Mongolia. But it appears from the text 

 that the Knlan of the Turki-speaking people of Central 

 Asia is the same as the Kyang of the Tibetans, and of our 

 Trans-himalayan sportsmen. And this is confirmed by a 

 passage in Dr. Bellew's * Kashmir and Kashgar ' (p. 400), 

 from which it appears that a place on the Yanghi Daban 

 Road is called Knlan Uldi, ' The wild horse (ass .'') died.' 

 Now I believe there is certainly only one species in the 

 Trans himalayan region ; indeed, I see in another place 

 Dr. Bellew says : * We came upon a herd of six or seven 

 kyang or culan ' (p. 182). — [Y.] 



THE TAN GU TANS. 

 P. log. 



Tangut was a kingdom well known by that name in 

 the Middle Ages, and nearly corresponded to modern 

 Kansuh in a general way. Indeed Kansuh was, under the 

 Mongol Emperors (i 260-1 368) the official Chinese name 

 of the region known to the Mongols and Western Asiatics 

 as Tangut. It was, however, in the Middle Ages also called 

 Ho-si, ' Countr)- west of the (Yellow) River ; ' and in a 

 Perso-Chinesc Dictionar\', made about A.D. 1400, Tangut is 

 explained by Tlo-si. The bulk of the inhabitants were 

 of Tibetan blood, and the capital was at Ning-hia, on the 



