THE PHYSICAL BASIS OF LIFE 267 



were due to Dujardin, and, therefore, we must include him 

 among the founders of modern biology. 



Purkinje. The observations of the Bohemian investi- 

 gator Purkinje (1787-1869) form a link in the chain of events 

 leading up to the recognition of protoplasm. Athough 

 Purkinje is especially remembered for other scientific contri- 



FIG. 83. PURKINJE, 1787-1869. 



butions, he was the first to make use of the name protoplasm 

 for living matter, by applying it to the formative substance 

 within the eggs of animals and within the cells of the embryo. 

 His portrait is not frequently seen, and, therefore, is included 

 here (Fig. 83), to give a more complete series of pictures of 

 the men who were directly connected with the development 

 of the protoplasm idea. Purkinje was successively a pro- 



