472 



INDEX 



456; from Linnaeus to Darwin, 

 138-140 . 



Biology, defined, 4; domain of, 4, 5; 

 epochs of, 20; progress of, 3, 5; 

 applied, 451 



Boerhaave, quoted, 71, 72; and 

 Linnaeus, 122 



Bois-Reymond Du, 189; portrait, 

 189 



Bones, fossil, 324, 326 



Bonnet, and emboitement, 208; op- 

 position to Wolff, 21 1 ; portrait, 

 212 



Books, the notable, of biology, 443 



Brown, Robert, discovers the nu- 

 cleus in plant-cells, 243 



Buckland, 326 



Buckle, on Bichat, 166, 167 



Buffon, 129, 419; portrait, 420; po- 

 sition in evolution, 420 



Caesalpinus, on the circulation, 50 



Cajal, Ramon y, 176; portrait, 176 



Calkins, on protozoa, 109 



Camper, anatomical work of, 143; 

 portrait, 144 



Carpenter, quoted, 170 



Carpi, the anatomist, 26 



Castle, experiments on inheritance, 

 3i8 



Catastrophism, theory of, Cuvier, 

 328; Lyell on, 333 



Cell, definition of, 258; diagram of, 

 257; earliest known pictures of, 

 238, 239; in heredity, 257 



Cell-lineage, 234, 450 



Cell-theory, announcement of, 242; 

 effect on embryology, 222, 224; 

 founded by Schleiden and 

 Schwann, 242; Schleiden's con- 

 tribution, 247; Schwann's trea- 

 tise, 248; modifications of, 250; 

 vague foreshadowings of, 237 



Child, studies on regulation, 448 



Chromosomes, 254, 313 



Circulation of the blood, Harvey, 

 46, 47; Servetus, 50; Columbus, 

 50; Caesalpinus, 50; in the capil- 

 laries, 84; Leeuwenhoek's sketch 

 of, 83; Vesalius on, with illustra- 

 tion, 49 



Classification of animals, tabular 

 view of, 137-138 



Cohn, portrait, 271 



Color, in evolution, 392 



Columbus, on the circulation, 50 



Comparative anatomy, rise of, 141 

 165; becomes experimental, 165 



Cope, in comparative anatomy, 165; 

 portrait, 338; important work in 

 palaeontology, 339, 441 



Creation, Aquinas on, 417; St. 

 Augustine on, 416; special, 418; 

 evolution the method of, 350 



Cuvier, birth and early education, 

 149; and catastrophism, 328; 

 comprehensiveness of mind, 154; 

 correlation of parts, 133; debate 

 with St. Hilaire, 424; domestic 

 life, 155; forerunners of, 143; 

 founds comparative anatomy, 154; 

 founder of vertebrate pakuontol- 

 ogy, 327; his four branches of the 

 animal kingdom, 132; goes to 

 Paris, 151; life at the seashore, 

 150; opposition to Lamarck, 422; 

 portraits, 152, 153; physiognomy, 

 152; and the rise of comparative 

 anatomy, 141-156; shortcomings 

 of, 156; successors of, 156; type- 

 theory of, 133 



Darwin, Charles, his account of the 

 way his theory arose, 435; factors 

 of evolution, 386; habits of work, 

 432; home life, 431; at Down, 

 434; ill health, 434; naturalist on. 

 the Beagle, 433; natural selection, 

 389; opens note-book on the origin 

 of species, 434; personality, 430; 

 portraits, 387, 431; parallelism in 

 thought with Wallace, 435; pub- 

 lication of the Origin of Species, 

 437; his other works, 397, 437; 

 theory of pangenesis, 307; varia- 

 tion in nature, 388; the original 

 drafts of his theory sent by 

 Hooker and Lyell to the Linnaean 

 Society, 428-430; working hours, 

 434; summary of his theory, 411 



Darwin, Erasmus, 421; portrait, 

 421 



Darwinism and Lamarckism con- 

 fused, 307; not the same as or- 

 ganic evolution, 349 



Davenport, experiments, 321 



Deluge, and the deposit of fossils, 

 325 



