CASTING AND SECURING HARNESS AND ROPES. 129 



Hayes' Improvised Casting Ropes. 



The collar loop, Figure 152, of Hayes' improvised casting 

 ropes consists of a rope loop (d) large enough to slip over the 

 head and small enough to fit snugly around base of neck. Into 



Fig. 152. Collar Loop of Hayes' Improvised Casting Ropes. 



the knot (c) at base of this loop two 2i/2-inch metal rings are 

 fixed. To prevent these rings from slipping out of place another 

 knot is made in rope behind them. This completes the collar 

 loop of Hayes. 



Figure 153 represents Hayes' casting ropes applied. It will 

 be observed that the loop is placed around the neck (d) with 



Fig. 153. Hayes' Improvised Casting Ropes Applied. 



the knots and rings placed near the withers (c). There are 

 two free ends of the ropes (i) (j) ; these are each 28 feet long. 

 From the withers (c) these ropes are passed downward on each 



