84 THE ORCHIDS OF NEW ENGLAND. 



In newly opened flowers of Calopogon the lip bends over the 

 column, and Professor Goodale,* speaking as if this were its 

 ordinary position, calls it " an arched roof decorated with at- 

 tractive colors." Gray describes it as " distant from the col- 

 umn," and I do not think, myself, that the arched position is 

 retained very long, but that the lip usually appears as an invit- 

 ing signal, held aloft above an open-faced, easily entered flower. 

 In Calopogon, the column, free from the lip or barely hinged to 

 it, curves like the keel of a boat, and is lobed on either side of 

 the apex where the lidded 2-celled anther with its 4 soft pollen- 

 masses, " lightly connected by delicate threads," is situated. 

 As Goodale expresses it : " the lateral stamens (seen in Cypri- 

 pedium) are missing, but the one corresponding to the sterile 

 stamen in Cypripedium is here that bearing the pollen." The 

 stigmatic surface lies in front of the anther, between the 

 lobes. 



"The anther," says Hervey, in Beautiful Wild Flowers, 

 " is a thin-walled cup, hinged on its back with the extreme 

 end tissues of the column. It lies in a little hollow and 

 faces inward toward a thin partition wall which is raised up at 

 that point across the axis of the column. The stigma is on 

 the other surface of this partition, and of course still nearer 

 the centre of the flower. The ripened anther, when touched 

 by a body moving in a direction away from the centre of the 

 flower, will roll upward on its hinge with the greatest possible 

 ease, exposing the pollen-masses to contact with the disturbing 

 body. . . . The stigmatic surface which . . . lies on 

 the other side of the wall that closes the mouth of the anther 

 is in exactly the right place and position to be fertilized by 

 pollen from another flower upon the under surface of his (the 

 insect's) body . . . and he will most certainly touch the 

 anther at the end of the column with that part of his body.'* 



The scape rises from a small bulb, an offset from that of the 

 * Wild Flowers of America. 



