EVOLUTION IN THE SUNS 69 



remarkable thing has been seen ; one of the 

 enhanced lines of iron is stationary, while the 

 other two indicate motion. This amounts to a 

 proof, not merely that the proto-elements of 

 iron exist apart in the sun's atmosphere as they 

 do side by side in the vacuum spark on earth, 

 but that immense translational velocities are 

 actually separating them from one another. 

 This arises because one is more stable at one 

 zone of solar energy conditions, and the others 

 at other zones. Apart from iron, this has 

 been shown by taking sectional or zonal 

 spectra of the corona or sun's margin, in solar 

 eclipses, and so sampling the sun's atmosphere 

 at various levels above the central portion. 

 While there are enormous surgings up and 

 down the spectra show predominance of 

 different types of matter at different levels, 

 and these indicate different temperatures (or 

 other energy-distributions) similar to those 

 observable in many different suns, and upon 

 which these stars have been classified spectro- 

 scopically as shown below. 



In the sun, and incandescent stars and 

 nebulae, there is not merely the momentary 

 separation by the disruptive electric discharge 

 such as can be produced terrestrially, but a 

 permanent condition of disruption over a 

 large field, as a result of which the constituents, 



