16 DISCOLOURED SEA. [chap. t. 



ing. Their shape is oval, and contracted in the middle by a 

 ring- of vibrating curved cilise. It was, however, very difficult 

 to examine them with care, for almost the instant motion ceased, 

 even while crossing the field of vision, their bodies burst. Some- 

 times both ends burst at once, sometimes only one, and a quan- 

 tity of coarse, brownish, granular matter was ejected. The 

 animal an instant before bursting expanded to half again its 

 natural size ; and the explosion took place about fifteen seconds 

 after the rapid progressive motion had ceased : in a few cases it 

 was preceded for a short interval by a rotatory movement on the 

 longer axis. About two minutes after any number were isolated 

 in a drop of water, they thus perished. The animals move with 

 the narrow apex forwards, by the aid of their vibratory cilias, 

 and generally by rapid starts. They are exceedingly minute, 

 and quite invisible to the naked eye, only covering a space equal 

 to the square of the thousandth of an inch. Their numbers 

 were infinite ; for the smallest drop of water which I could re- 

 move contained very many. In one day we passed through two 

 spaces of water thus stained, one of which alone must have 

 extended over several square miles. What incalculable numbers 

 of these microscopical animals ! The colour of the water, as 

 seen at some distance, was like that of a river which has flowed 

 through a red clay district ; but under the shade of the vessel's 

 side it was quite as dark as chocolate,. The line where the red 

 and blue water joined was distinctly defined. The weather for 

 some days previously had been calm, and the ocean abounded, to 

 an unusual degree, with living creatures.* 



In the sea around Tierra del Fuego, and at no great distance 

 from the land, I have seen narrow lines of water of a bright red 

 colour, from the number of Crustacea, which somewhat resemble 

 in form large prawns. The sealers call them whale-food. 

 Whether whales feed on them I do not know ; but terns, cormo- 



* I\I. Lesson (Voyage de la Coquille, torn, i., p. 255) mentions red water 

 off Lima, apparently produced by the same cause. Peron, the distinguished 

 naturalist, in the Voyage aux Terres Australes, gives no less than twelve 

 references to voyagers who have alluded to the discoloured M^aters of the sea 

 (vol. ii. p. 239). To the references given by Peron may be added, Hum- 

 boldt's Pers. iSarr., vol. vi. p. 804 ; Flinders' Voyage, vol. i. p. 92 ; Labil- 

 lardiere, vol. i. p. 287; Ulloa's Voyage; Voyage of the Astrolabe and of 

 the Coquille ; Captain King's Survey of Australia, Sec. 



