Lake Maxinkuckee, Physical and Biological Survey 139 



Character of various poinds: — Everybody has pretty definite no- 

 tions concerning the character of different winds, and associates 

 the north and northwest winds with storm and cold; east winds 

 with raw, disagreeable weather; south winds with balmy, pleas- 

 ant weather, etc. An attempt was made by collecting data con- 

 cerning each wind with the accompanying weather, to get more 

 precisely at the character of each wind. The same associations 

 were not found together nearly so uniformly as expected; it is 

 only the general and long continued, persistent winds that have 

 deep-seated influence on the weather. The light local surface 

 winds are more or less characterless. 



Calms: — These are generally associated with pleasant w^eather, 

 although there are not infrequent instances where they are noted 

 during cloudy and sprinkling or rainy weather. Calm may be 

 associated with exceedingly cold weather, and in some cases the 

 cold of calm fogs is rather depressing. Generally during the win- 

 ter, calm weather is much to be preferred to wind from any di- 

 rection whatever. In the hot, sultry days of midsummer, however, 

 which are fortunately rather few, the calms are very oppressive, 

 and light winds from almost any direction are welcomed as a 

 relief. 



During the summer the calms are usually associated with fine, 

 hazy mornings. During the autumn and spring they are usually 

 associated with low fogs on the marshes and certain parts of the 

 lake and with heavy frosts. The heavy hoar-frosts which are at 

 times such a striking feature of the region, in which the various 

 trees are surrounded by a halo of long needle-like white crystals 

 standing at right angles to the trunk and branches, are formed only 

 during periods of almost perfect calm, and are quickly blown off 

 by the first breeze that springs up. Calms are generally character- 

 istic of the mornings and evenings of fine days during settled 

 weather, and on only rather rare occasions do they persist through- 

 out the entire day. It is rather unusual for the winds to die down 

 to a calm during the middle of the day. 



North ivinds are relatively infrequent at the lake. The lighter 

 winds may be associated with either clear or cloudy sky. The 

 stronger winds, especially in summer, are usually though not al- 

 ways accompanied by clouds, and frequently storms. During late 

 autumn and winter and early spring, they are usually character- 

 ized as "raw, cold, and disagreeable," especially when accompanied 

 by dampness, drizzle or rain. 



