Lake Maxinkuckee, Physical and Biological Survey 195 



as destroying newly hatched perch and roach by catching them 

 with its bladders, the fish usually being caught by the tail. As 

 an example of its destructive powers, he mentioned the fact that 

 of 150 newly hatched perch placed in a glass vessel only 1 or 2 

 were alive 2 days subsequently. Under natural conditions it is 

 not to be supposed that by any means so large a percentage of 

 fishes would be entrapped. Prof. H. N. Mosely (1. c. 259, 260, 

 quoted from Nature, May 22, 1884) gives an account of the same 

 case in fuller detail, and, in a letter to Prof. S. F. Baird (1. c. 261) 

 gives further interesting notes, ending with : "I have not found 

 any case of a young fish trapped by any specimen of Utricularia 

 taken from the pond in which it grows here, although there are 

 many fish in the pond." 



Prof. S. A. Forbes (Bull. U. S. F. C. IV, 1884, 443, quoted from 

 Forest and Stream of September 4, 1884) speaks of the possible 

 injury Utricularia may cause by entrapping Crustacea which form 

 fish food. In 10 bladders of U. macrorhiza taken at random he 

 found the remains of 93 animals representing at least 28 species, of 

 which 76 individuals, representing 20 species, were entomostraca, 

 and he concludes that the plant "habitually and continuously con- 

 tends with them (young fry) for food, and it may be said to thrive 

 largely at their expense." 



4. FLAT-LEAVED BLADDERWORT 



UTRICULARIA INTERMEDIA Hayne 



Abundant both in Lost Lake, in the flat meadow north of it, and 

 in Green's marsh. The water form differed so much from the 

 land form that it was only by repeated comparisons and study of 

 the two that their identity was established. The land form lies 

 prostrate on the ground with conspicuous two-ranked leaves. The 

 bladders are borne on separate stems ; they appear to be few on the 

 aquatic plants and in the land forms they grow more or less under 

 ground. They are larger than those of any other species observed, 

 and possess no chlorophyl so that they are entirely transparent. 

 No organisms were observed in any of them, but they have curious 

 large glands in the interior. The leaves of the water form are 

 differently arranged and are rather inconspicuous. It makes firm 

 winter buds which are much smaller than those of U. macrorhiza. 

 On April 25, 1901, it was observed growing in good shape, with 

 large bladders, in Green's marsh. Observed again on May 19 when 

 ill 3 first flower was seen; May 24, many flowers seen. 



