446 Lake Maxinkuckee, Physical and Biological Survey 



ground has recently burned over, although this does not occur in 

 places where large areas have burned off but rather after small 

 fires in brush piles. After a few years of tillage this plant disap- 

 pears or becomes rare. It thrives best in rich forest mould after 

 the trees have been removed. 



831. PALE INDIAN PLANTAIN 



MESADENIA ATRIPLIC IFOLIA (L.) Raf. 



Found in damp places east of Lost Lake outlet. 

 832. TUBEROUS INDIAN PLANTAIN 



MESADENIA TUBEROSA (Nutt.) Britton 



Occasional in moist prairies about the lake. 



833. BALSAM GROUNDSEL 



SENECIO PAUPERCULUS Michx. 



Scattered ; not very common ; up and nearly in flower along the 

 road west of Chadwick's May 8, 1901. In flower, collected May 23. 



834. COMMON BURDOCK 



ARCTIUM MINUS Schk. 



On a hill near the ice-house, and by the old ice elevator; Sep- 

 tember 29, 1900, seeds sprouting by railroad bridge near Culver. 

 The seeds usually sprout in the spring, but also frequently germi- 

 nate in autumn. Disagreeable and unsightly as a patch of bur- 

 docks is, it never becomes a bad weed in fields or meadows but 

 thrives only in neglected and waste places about dwellings. No 

 other plant has better means of distributing seed, which is by both 

 burr and pappus ; still it is not generally distributed except in the 

 places above mentioned. It may be that it requires unusually rich 

 soil for its development; at any rate the soil in a burdock patch is 

 usually black and rich, and other plants are usually killed out by 

 the shade of the broad leaves. 



835. COMMON BUR THISTLE 



CIRSIUM LANCEOLATUM (L.) Hill 



Somewhat common, but not particularly abundant, in old fields, 

 pastures, etc. ; noted in flower October 25, 1904, west of the lake. 

 In some regions in pastures it is a bad weed, but is generally 

 not hard to eradicate, as it usually dies after the crown has been 

 cut off. The seed is the favorite food of the goldfinch, and birds 



