WESTBURY STATION, N. Y. 



79 



Fruits for Long Island 



Heading-back too vigorous shoots, and removing undesirable branches, may be done at any time 

 during the summer. Storm-damaged trees and decayed wounds may be repaired whenever necessary. 



CULTIVATION and FEEDING (Fertilizing). All young fruit plantations should be kept cultivated 

 the same as corn or potatoes ; in fact, vegetables may be profitably grown in young orchards. Culti- 

 vate once in two weeks or oftener, and especially the day following a heavy rain. This will make a 

 mulch of about three inches of fine earth or dust, that prevents evaporation from the soil. Feed 

 annually with stable manure or complete fertilizers, or both. Trees need a fertilizer rich in potash 

 and phosphoric acid, rather than an excess of nitrogen ; therefore, muriate of potash, unleached hard- 

 wood ashes, bone-flour and dissolved South Carolina rock are good special fertilizers. Crimson 

 clover is valuable as a green manure, sown in August, before the last cultivating, and plowed under 

 the following spring. 



Borers in the trunks of trees should be dug out. Leaf-eating insects are killed by spray of Paris 

 green, i Ib. to 100 gallons of water. Currant-worms are quickly killed by hellebore powder. Leaf- 

 sucking insects are destroyed by spraying or washing with whale-oil soap or kerosene emulsion. 

 Mildew and other fungous diseases of grapes and fruit trees are prevented by spraying with Bordeaux 

 mixture or ammoniacal solution of carbonate of copper. 



FOR SAN JOSE SCALE, which is being generally distributed by birds, use whale-oil soap, kero- 

 sene, petroleum, or lime, salt and sulphur wash. For instructions write to the State Agricultural 

 Experiment Station, Geneva, N. Y. 



DISTANCES TO PLANT TREES AND PLANTS 



Apples 30 x 30 feet, 



Pears, Standard, and Cherries 25 x 25 



Dwarf 12 x 12 



Peaches, Plums and Apricots 18 x 18 



Grapes 10 x 16 



Asparagus 



Currants and Gooseberries 



Raspberries and Blackberries 



Strawberries 



Closer planting and pruning is advised for small gardens. 



2 x 

 2 x 

 3* 



i x 3 



48 trees per acre 

 70 " 

 300 " 



135 " 



275 vines " 



4, 250 plants " 



5,450 bushes " 



2,420 plants " 



14,500 " 



THE VARIETIES ARE GIVEN IN ABOUT THE ORDER OF RIPENING 



APPLES 



Price, 5 to 6 feet, 25 cts. each, $20 per 100; 6 to 

 7 feet, 35 cts. each. Larger trees, 40 to 75 cts. each. 



In our old and extensive orchards most of the 

 varieties here listed, and many others that have 

 been discarded, have been tested. While some 

 varieties will thrive anywhere under good culture, 

 the loss entailed by planting and cultivating poor 

 varieties is great, and emphasizes the importance of 

 planting tested kinds. Many good varieties will oc- 

 casionally fail to produce satisfactory crops through 

 lack of culture and fertility, or insects and fungus. 



LARGE ORCHARDS. Those intending to plant 

 large orchards are invited to correspond with us 

 early in the season, before October or March. Low 

 rates for trees of various qualities will be quoted. 



SUMMER 



Primate. An excellent early Apple, superior to the 

 Harvest in flavor. Very tender ; bright yellow ; 

 ripens in July. 



Yellow Transparent. A Russian variety of value. 

 Medium size; skin translucent yellow, with waxen 

 surface ; flesh yellow ; sprightly acid. July. Usu- 

 ally bears the first year after planting. 



Harvest. Medium size, pale yellow ; flesh white, 

 tender and juicy ; rather acid. Ripens in July. 



Red Astrachan. Large, round, deep crimson, which 

 takes a bright polish ; flesh juicy. A vigorous, 

 productive tree. Good for early market and 

 dessert. 



Sweet Bough (Early Bough). Large, pale yellow ; 

 tender, sweet. An excellent variety for baking. 



Oldenburg (Duchess of Oldenburg). A Russian 

 variety of value ; fruit above medium size, hand- 

 some, yellow, covered with streaks of crimson ; 

 flesh tender, juicy and pleasant. August. 



AUTUMN 



Gravenstein. Large, round, red and yellow ; flesh 

 firm, brittle, juicy, high flavored, subacid. Tree 

 vigorous and productive. A long time in ripen- 

 ing during August and September. The best 

 market Apple of its season, and deservedly 

 popular. 



Wealthy. Medium size ; skin oily, dark red ; flesh 

 white, fine-grained, juicy, subacid. Tree a free 

 grower and early bearer. Resembles the Fameuse. 

 October and November. 



Porter. Large, oblong, bright yellow ; flesh tender, 

 rich, aromatic flavor. A very good fall Apple. 



Fall Pippin. Very large, round, rich yellow ; flesh 

 yellow, firm, tender, creamy and excellent flavor 

 for dessert or cooking ; tree vigorous and pro- 

 ductive. An old and well-known variety, more 

 subject to apple-scab than some others It 

 ripens in late autumn and keeps until midwinter. 



