30 



LEGUMINOS^E. 



cultivated grapes, known as American grapes, are varieties of V. labrusca of the 

 Atlantic States. 



In the figure a represents the fruit of 

 Ac:r macrophyllum, b the wider spread 

 ing samara of Acer cercinatum, and c 

 the closer wings of Negundo Californi- 

 cum. The first has hairy carpels; the 

 second is smooth, and the last slightly 

 hairy. 



SAPINDACE^E. 



Trees or shrubs with opposite, compound or 

 palmately lobed leaves: sepals 5: petals 4 or 5: 

 pistil 2-3 carpelled. 



The flowers and fruit of our common Buckeye 

 are very interesting. A bunch of several hun- 

 dred flowers usually produces but one fruit; and 

 this, formed of three carpels containing six ovules, 

 rarely ripens more than one seed. The genus 

 Negundo is united wifh Acer in Bay-Reg. Bof., 

 and -ffisculus is Hippocastanum. Key to 

 genera and species, p. 103. 



ANARCARDIACEJE. 



Shrubs or trees with resinous and often poison- 

 ous juice, alternate leaves and small flowers. 

 Rhus diversiloba (Poison Oak) is the most com- 

 mon species. A poisonous species in Japan fur- 

 nishes the remarkable Japan varnish. Key to 

 genera and species, p. 104. 



LEGUMINOS^E. 



The single and simple free pistil becoming a legume in fruit, the alternate leaves with 

 stipules, and in our genera, the papilionaceous corolla with 10 stamens, mark this order, 

 one of the largest and most important in the vegetable kingdom. 



Flowers irregular. Calyx 3-4 cleft or toothed, persistent. Corolla of 5 petals, the 

 upper large and always external, covering the lateral pair in the bud, and these cover- 

 ing the lower pair which are more or less united, forming a keel which incloses the 

 stamens and pistil. Filaments 10, rarely 5, commonly united around the pistil, either 

 all united or nine and the upper one free. Ovary forming a pod with a single row of 

 seeds attached to one side: style usually inflexed or curved. In Cercis the upper petal 

 ?s small and enclosed by the wings. In Amorpha there is but one petal. 



Suborder CaesalpinSB is marked by the upper petal enclosed and distinct stamens. 



Suborder Mimosese has regular flowers and usually many conspicuous stamens. 



