218 THE WHALEBONE WHALES OF THE WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC. 



dark gray, irregularly varied with white. The black of the sides extends further 

 toward the median line of the throat on the left side than on the right. Breast 

 white, irregularly varied with dark gray, the latter color growing less posteriorly. 

 Pectorals entirely white on both sides. Flukes variegated above, the black pre- 

 dominating ; below white with some black flecks, the free border black. 



Female; length, 14.25 m. Back and sides black. Chin, from tip to the knot- 

 like projection, black, a little variegated on the sides with small white flecks. Poste- 

 rior to the projection, the throat and breast pure white, with a black median 

 streak, broad in front and narrowing rapidly posteriorly and ending about on line 

 of the manubrium sterni, with a few black flecks extending posteriorly. Some 

 black spots on the white of the under jaw. All the remainder of the throat, the 

 whole breast and a part of the belly and tail, white. From the axilla and shoulder 

 the black extends backward and goes into the furrows, while the ridges ( Watte) 

 remain white. The black shows itself in all the furrows back of the navel. The 

 black of the sides extends downward with a convex border in front of the genital 

 region, then recedes again opposite the latter, and finally stretches "a short distance 

 along the ventral side of the tail." The black does not reach the middle of the 

 belly. The white posterior to the navel is overspread with black flecks, as if 

 sprinkled from a brush. Pectorals white on both sides, with irregular black flecks 

 only on the larger protuberances. Flukes white on both sides, with some black 

 flecks only on the free border. White rings, produced by barnacles, on the snout, 

 mandible, belly, pectorals and flukes, in both this and the preceding specimen. 



Female; length, 10.5 in. The whole ventral surface of the body without a 

 trace of white flecks, but everywhere black. Pectorals black above, pure white 

 below. Flukes black above, white below, with a variegated free border. 



Male; length, 12.5 m. Body black, slightly variegated in the furrows. Pec- 

 torals white on both sides. Flukes white below, variegated above and on the free 

 margin. 



These and other reliable observations show (1) that the European Humpback 

 is normally black on the head, back, sides, and around the caudal peduncle; (2) 

 that the throat and chest, and the median line below, at least as far back as the 

 anus, is varied to a greater or less extent with white spots, streaks, and larger areas ; 

 (3) that the pectorals have the lower surface practically all white, but the upper 

 surface varied white and black, in some cases almost entirely black, in other cases 

 the distal three fourths or nearly the whole surface white; (4) that the flukes are 

 largely black above, more or less white below. 



Exactly the same style of coloration and the same variations were found in 

 three Humpbacks which I examined at the Snook's Arm Station, Newfoundland, in 

 1899 (see pis. 37-39). These presented the following characteristics: 



No. 5. Male. Aug. 9, 1899. (Plate 37.) Upper jaw, back and sides, black. 

 Part of the lower jaw, the throat, and chest to the line of the pectorals, with 

 spots, rings, crescents, streaks, and larger areas of white, the two largest areas being 

 just below the middle of the right side of the lower jaw, and in the median line 

 between the pectorals. The streaks were chiefly in the furrows, while the rings 

 and crescents were confined to the ridges and the jaw. These rings appeared to 

 mark the location of barnacles. The margins of the ridges posteriorly were also 

 spotted with white, but less distinctly than in front. From the genital orifice to 

 the insertion of the flukes, the inferior median line was thickly covered with round 



