98 [Assembly 



caterpillar stage or after the cocoons have been made. In large 

 orchards the cocoons may_ be most easily attacked by means of a 

 mixture of kerosene oil and soap, sprayed upon them with a force- 

 pump. This emulsion which is quite as effectual as, and easier to 

 make than the milk emulsion formerly recommended, may be made 

 by dissolving four pounds of common bar soap in a gallon of water, 

 with heat, and then gradually stirring in a gallon of kerosene. This, 

 upon cooling, will form a thick, gelatinous mass, containing 50 per 

 cent of kerosene, which will have to be reduced by the addition uf 

 water before it can be applied with a force-pump. If diluted with 

 ten gallons of water, giving a mixture of about 10 per cent of 

 kerosene, it should give a strength sufficient to destroy the pupse 

 within the cocoons, but the proper strength had better be first ascer- 

 tained by experiment upon a few of the cocoons. 



If the infested trees are not very numerous this liquid might be 

 applied to the branches by means of a stiff bristle-brush, which 

 would remove the cocoons, and serve to show thereafter if there is 

 a continuance of the attack in the deposit of fresh cocoons. 



When the caterpillars are found in abundance feeding on the trees 

 in July or September, by suddenly jarring the branches, numbers 

 will drop and hang suspended by their threads, when they may be 

 swept down by brooms or branches and destroyed. Showering the 

 trees with Paris green and water would poison all the larvas eating 

 the poisoned foliage. 



A notice of this insect, with figures of the moth and of the cocoons 

 upon a twig, and further information upon it may be found in my 

 *' First Annual Report on the Insects of New York, pages 157-162." 



In the above publication, the presence of this insect had only 

 been reported, in New York, in Monroe and Chemung counties. 

 As would naturally be expected, it seems to be extending its range- 

 It has since been received by me, from an orchard of Mr. J. S. 

 Koys, Lyons, Wayne county. A piece of twig two and one-half 

 inches long contained twenty-two of the cocoons. It has also been 

 sent to me by Mr. J. C. Wolf, of Waterloo, Seneca county. If is 

 reported as present, in small number?! as yet, in Lagrange, Wyom- 

 ing county. It also occurs in South Byron, Genesee county, 



I had previously written of this insect, that as yet in it-^, New 

 York distribution, it was apparently confined to the western portion 

 of the State, but the present year it has been brought to me from an 

 orchard at Bethlehem Centre, five miles south of Albany, on the 

 Hudson river. Mr. Isaac Bussing, with whom it occurred, reports 

 that he has observed it upon his trees for the past few years, in 

 limited numbers, but does not think that it has inflicted serious 

 harm. 



In the Second Report of the Department of Entomology of the 

 Cornell University Experiment Station, 1883, Mr. A. E. Brunn has 

 published his studies upon the life-history of this insect (with illus- 

 tration of some of its stages) which adds materially to our previous 

 knowledge of it \jL. c, pp. 157-lGl, pi. 6, figs. 2-20). An abstract of 



