164 



ARRIAN 



Chap. 

 XXXIV. 



instruction,^ to the Muses,^ Apollo Musagetes,^ Mnemosyne,^ 



The tutelar deities of husbandmen were Ceres, Proserpine, and Bacchus. Hence, in 

 the beginning of the first Georgic, amongst the ■' ajjrestum pr^esentia nuraina," 

 Virgil invokes conjointly " Liber et alma Ceres ;" and Pindar designates Bacchus, 



Isthra. L. VII 

 3. 



X«Akokp(5toi» irdpiSpov 

 Aa/xdrepos. 



Arteniidor. Athxtjttip 5e Koi Kopi], koI 6 Aiyofxevos "laKxos, sa^s the Epiiesian vit^ionary, yfwpyo7s 

 f ' Kal Tuis KrTiffaffdai yrjv Trpoijpr}iJ.evois ayadai. The department of rural economy under 



Xj» lis C* oil* 



the tutelagf of Ceres is succinctly stated hy Oppian in the second book uf his Hali- 

 eulics : 



Oppian. Hal. 

 L. II. 19. 



Arjo) fifv ^evyKrjs re /Socov, aporoto re yairjs 

 TTVpSiv t' ivKapiToio (pipii yepcLS ap.i]roio. 



Arteniidor. 

 Oneirocnc. 

 L. II. c. 37. 



Georgic. L. i. 

 21. 



The connexion of Proserpine with husbandry is not so clear ; but as Nicoraedia, our 

 author's native city, was sacred both to the mother and daughter, and he held the 

 office of priest in the temple of the latter, we may suppose him fully acquainted with 

 all her tutelary distinctions, of which the patronage of agriculture seems to have been 

 one. 



Bacchus's presidency was principally confined, in his character of Vithator, to the 

 culture of vineyards : AiSvucros toIs yeaipyois (TVfj,(pepei rots 7hi' ^vAtKhv Kapirhv yiwp- 

 yovffi, fjidKiara afiiriXovs. To the three deities of Arrian here mentioned, Virgil 

 subjoins others, "studium quibus arva tueri," whom the philosopiiic courser allows 

 to extend their fostering care to venation — at least some of them, as Pan, the 

 Nymphs, &c. 



G. Oi Se a^Kpl. Tas rexvas Trovovjj.ei'oi. The difterent bodies or colleges of artificers 

 had their particular tutelary deities. Pau>^anias in Arcadicis mentions a temple of 

 Minerva Machinalrix : ecrrt 5e 'AB7)vas lephv iiriKXtjatv MaxaviriSos, otl fiovXev/xdrut' 

 darh 7) Behs irain-oiwv Koi iirirexvrindToiv evperis. The connexion of Minerva and 

 Vulcan with handicrafts is noted by Artemidorus : 'Adrjvix xeipore'xJ'ais ayady Sih t^v 



irpocrriyoplat', 'Epyduri KaAelrai ydp "HcpaiffTos .... xe'p<^''o|t ayaOhs iraffi: — and by 



Oppian ; 



Sovpa Se TettTjjVocrflai, avaaT7J(Tai re jXiKadpa, 

 <pdpid T off/c^trat fi7]\wp ivavdei Kapirc^ 

 TlaWiis iTTixdoviovi eSiSd^aro. 

 'li((iaiaTCfi 5e /ueAei f)at(TTi)pios iSpws. 



Juno tells Latona that Vulcan's skill as au artificer, is a counterpoise to his claudicant 



Lucian. Deor. deformity : oA\' oinos fxku d x<«'^os, Hfxws xpW'fJ''^^ 7* eirrl, T€X''''r''?s &»' &pi<rTos, 



Dial, Juno ct ^ 



, K. T. A. 



Latona. 



Oneirocrit. 

 L. II. c. 35. 



Ejusdeni c. 37. 



Halieut. L. ii. 

 21. 



