AlM'l'.NDIX. 231 



Littoral et extrenii prsetcrvehar ostia Sami : 

 O quales, quantosque canes, quam fortia bello 

 Pectora, quiim cert;\ prolem virtute valentem 

 Inde legam ? sola ilia uros, sola ilia leones 

 Invadit, sola aggreditur dignata elepliantos. 



Opportunity offers, in introducing the dog of Arcadia to the 

 reader's notice, of speaking of the semiferous race of lupine dogs, the 

 denii-wolves of the ancient Cynegetica.^ The cross of the wolf and 

 dog is of considerable antiquity; indeed the belief of its existence 

 may be traced very generally through the popular works of the 

 classic ages. Under the Spartan dog, in the second class, I shall 

 again allude to hybrid dogs, and refer to Mr. Hunter's paper on the 

 subject in the Transactions of the Royal Society of London. At 

 present, it may be stated that the cross of the wolf and domestic dog 

 is an established one, and that the breed, so obtained, has been car- 

 ried forward for many generations. Aristotle, I believe, first re- 

 marked the sexual intercourse of these congeners in Cyrene ; and, 

 from the fact as stated by him. Cardan (" a great inquirer after Vulgar Errors, 

 truth, but too greedy a receiver of it," according to Sir Thomas ^' 



Brown,) inferred the gradual degeneration of wolves into the canine 

 type.2 " Ut lupos et canes," says Brodeeus in Oppianuni, " mutu6 

 coire fatear, Diodori, Ovidii, (' Deque lupo concepta Nape,') ac 

 complurium facit auctoritas." As the mule is born from the horse 

 and ass, remarks Galen, so a mixed breed may be generated from 

 the wolf and dog.^ The race of old reported to have been sprung 



1. Arcadia boasted not these as her only ferine crosses — ^v\a Bripo/xiyri — for in the Find. Pyth. 

 country of Lycaon, too, in all their glory, rode the arparhs OavfjicwThs of senii-hunian -L" i'* ^^' 

 centaurs, lords of tlie chase, around mount Pholoij, 



a/xcpl irdSos *oA.o7js ave/iuSeos &ypia (pv\a Oppian. Lyneg, 

 OTipo/xiyrj, fiepSirwv [ji.sv in' l^x'ias, l^v6<piv 5e 

 'imriDV rifii^p6Tccv, 



2. Scaliger denies the inference — " Possunt quidem lupi mitiores fieri, sed Exercitat. 

 nunquam lupinam formam, et totalem feritatem exuent, quemadiuodum et plantae ^*'^* 

 novo cultu raitescunt." 



3. Both these hybrid productions are alluded to, in his wonted strain of dissfust, ^^* ^* '^g"PP* 



...... . ^ ' de Incert. et 



by the misanthropic Agrippa, in his 73rd chapter, de Agricultura. Yg^^ ^ g^ g^j^^ 



