A p p I". N 1) I \ . 305 



Cisalpine or Transalpine Gaul, or wherever the father of the leash 

 slipped the " proavoruni atavi " of the courser's hound,' can admit, 

 I think, of no doubt. Indeed, the field-instructions of the Cynoge- 

 ticus refer almost exclusively to hare-coursing : nor does it appear 

 that the author himself, sensible, as he confessedly was, of the pecu- 

 liar physical adaptation of the greyhound to the hare-course, was 

 ever guilty of misapplying the dog to inappropriate quarry. The 

 red-deer, however, is noticed by him, in his 23rd chapter, as a chase 

 of the Vertragus, fraught with imminent danger, and needing high- 

 mettled hounds." And, subsequently, the same animal is pursued 

 with Scythian and lUyrian galloways on the open plains of Moesia, 

 Dacia, Scythia, and Illyria : ^ — and, in the following chapter, we De Venat. 

 find the like diversions practised in Africa with barbs ; * whereby c. xxiv. 



Byzantium mentions tlie Tolistoboii — tdvos raXaruiv kffirepiojv fieroiK-rjaduTuu e'/c rris 

 KeXroyaXarias is BtOvviav. (See also Strabo Geogr. L. iv.) And other colonies 

 are recorded by Strabo among the Thraciaiis and Illyrians, KeKrovs tovs avafieniy/xi- 

 vovs rois re ®pa^'^ koI tois 'lK\vpio7s — the descendants of whom are perhaps the deer- 

 coursers of Arrian's 23rd chapter, whom I have there called Celto-Scythians : note 4. 

 sub fine. 



1. Although it is clear, almost to demonstration, that the greyhound was utterly 

 unknown to ancient Greece in the days of tlie elder Xenophon, I readily allow that 

 Greece may have been Arrian's coursing-field, with the hound of Celtica, at a later 

 period — an opinion supported by Janus Vlitius ; — for into the south of Europe the dog 



had been introduced as a prodigy of speed — " ocyor affectu mentis pinnaque" — pro- Gratii Cyneg. 

 bably direct from the country of which lie was indigenous, viz. Transalpine Gaul, ^^' ■^"^* 



TTJs KfKriKTJs Ta\arias of Stephanus, (the Gallia Celtica of my annotations, without De Venatione 

 reference to Cffisar's more limited appropriation of the term Celtica,) about the com- ^' ^^^ '• 

 menceraent of the Christian asra. 



2. Tcts Kvvas tos yevvaias, — possibly the coarser and fiercer varieties of tl;e Celtic 

 hound — for Arrian seems to distinguish these noble-spirited dogs from the Kvva 

 aya6r]v, who, he says, may be destroyed by a stag. 



3. The Celtae with their colonies overran almost all Europe. We trace them from 

 the pillars of Hercules to the extreme wilds of Scythia ; the colonists of tlie latter 

 territory alone being, correctly speaking, Celto-Scy ths ; — but in consequence of the 

 ignorance of the ancient Greek geographers as to the exact limits of either Celtica or 

 Scythia, (as already remarked in my annotations on the second chapter of the Cyne- 

 geticus,) the term Celto-Scythians has been indefinitely applied to all the inhabitants 

 of mid-Europe, from Celtica to Scythia. 



4. It was Xenophon's want of acquaintance with these African barbs, along with 



the Scythian galloways, and Celtic greyhounds, which led to the omission of them all, j v t 

 in his Cynegeticus : and to the lacunee, thereby occasioned, in the older hunting- ,;, j. 



2 Q 



