243 THE STORY OF THE MONKEY. 



The greenish-brown color of the hair of this and other monkeys is causer! 

 by ahernate bands of yellow and black, which exist on each hair. The bril- 

 liant colors referred to above belong toi the skin, and fade away entirely 

 after death. 



The cliacma, or bear baboon is remarkable chiefly for its ability in dis- 

 covering water. When the water begins to run short, and the known 

 fountains have failed, the chacma is deprived of water for a whole day, until 

 it is furious with thirst. A long rope is then tied to the baboon's collar, and 

 it is suffered to run about where it chooses. 



First it runs forward a little, then stops; gets on its hind feet, and sniffs 

 up the air especially taking notice of the wind and its direction. It will 

 then, perhaps, change its course; and after running for some distance, take 

 another observation. Presently it will spy out a blade of grass, or smaller 

 object, pluck it up, turn it on all sides, smell it, and then go forward again. 

 Thus the animal proceeds until it leads the party to water — guided by some 

 mysterious instinct. 



This species is an inhabitant of the countries bordering on the Red Sea 

 littoral and the Upper Nile valley, but to reach its habitat we have to travel 

 to the southern extremity of the African continent. 



Like all the remaining representatives of the long-tailed baboons, the 

 chacma differs from the Arabian baboon by the absence of the mane on the 

 neck and shoulders of the males. We have, indeed, in this respect a gradual 

 descending series from the gelada baboon, in which both sexes are maned, 

 through the Arabian baboon, in which only the males are so ornamented, 

 to the chacma, in which both males and females are maneless. In size the 

 chacma is one of the largest of the group, and it has been compared in this 

 respect, as well as in its bodily strength, with an English mastiff. 



The doguera baboon is a closely allied species or variety, found in 

 Abyssinia. It is of a more olive color than the sacred baboon. Dr. Ander- 

 son describes a male preserved in the museum at Calcutta as being of a 

 uniform yellowish-olive color on the whiskers and all over the body, above 

 and below, except on the hands and feet, which are nearly black. The 

 coarse hair on the fore-part of the body is about six inches in length, and 

 is ashy-grey in color for the first two inches, while the remainder is banded 

 with nine rings of orange and black. 



It was long thought that the yellow baboon, which takes its name from 

 the pale brownish-yellow hue of the fur, came from Nubia and the Sudan; 

 it is now known to occur on the west coast; but there is a baboon found in 



