CLASSIFICATION 83 



Distinguished by the large, free volva and large ring. Our most 

 poisonous fungus, and responsible for the majority of deaths actu- 

 ally due to fungus poisoning, both in Europe and the United 

 States. 



In woods and open places near trees. 



A. junqiiillea. — Cap 2-3 in. across, viscid, pale orange or lemon- 

 yellow ; gills slightly adnexed ; stem 2-3 in. long, bulbous, tinged 

 yellow, as is also the fugacious ring ; volva lax. 



In woods. 



A. luiea. — Cap 2-3 in. across, viscid, edge striate, disc papillose, 

 yellow or ochraceous ; gills wliite, crowded ; stem 2-3 in. long, 

 narrowed upwards, bulbous, ring and volva thin in texture. 



In woods, etc. 



** Volva ivithout a distinct free margin, often broken up into con- 

 centric ridges at base of stem, sometimes almost obsolete. 



f Cap red, reddish brown, or brown. 



A. muscaria (Fly Mushroom) (PI. II, fig. 5). — Cap 4-9 in. across, 

 globose, then plane, edge striate, usually deep scarlet, sometimes 

 orange, bleaching when old, with scattered white patches of the 

 volva ; gills white ; stem 4-7 in. high, whitish, ring lax, volva 

 broken up into concentric rings. 



In woods, especially birch and fir. Poisonous. 



A. pantherina. — Cap 3-4 in. across, flesh persistently white, as 

 is also that of the stem, viscid, reddish yellow or brownish, with 

 pale, flat warts ; gills white ; stem 4-5 in. long, not very thick, 

 bulbous, whitish, ring usually obliquely placed on the stem, volva 

 adnate, extreme edge free. 



In woods and pastures under trees. Poisonous 



A. puella. — Cap convex, then expanded, edge striate, somewhat 

 viscid, naked ( =no patches of volva present), yellow or reddish 

 yellow, disc sometimes red, i|-2| in. across ; gills free, rather 

 distant, white ; stem 2^-4 in. long, rather slender, even, smooth, 

 white, ring rather large, often drooping, volva with the upper 

 portion quite free from the stem, edge torn, often soon breaking 

 away. 



This fungus is by some considered as a variety of Amanita mus- 

 caria, from which it differs very materially in the behaviour of the 

 universal veil, which in A. muscaria adheres very closelj' to the cap 

 and is carried up by it under the form of white patches, and tliere 

 is practically no free portion left as a volva ; whereas in A. piiella 

 the cap does not carry up the universal veil, wliich consequently 

 remains as a good volva. The fungus is also much smaller and 

 more slender than A. muscaria. 



In woods and on their borders, etc. 



