CLASSIFICATION 115 



var. Uandus. — Size of typical form, cap thin, greyish Hlac ; 

 gills broad, nearly free, pure white ; stem slender, rather bulbous. 



Among grass, etc. 



T. exsiccum. — Cap campanulate, then expanded and then um- 

 bonate, greyish brown, hoary when dry, i-ij in. across ; gills 

 crowded, clear white ; stem about i in. long, whitish,, polished, and 

 shining. Known by the polished white stem, and cap not becom- 

 ing pale, but shining when dry. 



T. suhpulveyHlentum. — Cap convex, then plane, livid and pruinose, 

 whitish and hoary when dry, about i\ in. across ; gills crowded, 

 narrow, white ; stem 1-2 in. long, smooth, slightly striate, whitish. 



Among grass in pastures. 



** Gills violet, grey, or smoky. 



T. sordidum. — Cap 1-3 in. across, expanded and more or less 

 umbonate, often wavy, livid lilac, or flesh-colour, then pale ; gills 

 violet, then pallid or smoky ; stem about 2 in. long, slightly curved, 

 flbrillose, coloured like the cap. 



Allied to T. nudum, but smaller and more slender ; tough. 



On the ground, among manured ground, etc. 



T. pcBdidum. — Closely allied to T. sordidum, but distinguished 

 by the absence of any trace of a violet tinge. 



T. lixivium. — Cap 2-3 in. across, thin, expanded, and umbonate, 

 smooth, greyish brown, then umber ; gills grey ; stem about 2 in. 

 long, fibrous, often wavy, fragile, grey, at first covered with white 

 down. 



Readily distinguished by the umbonate cap and broad grey gills. 



In woods. 



T. putidum. — Cap about i in. across, umbonate, somewhat 

 olive-grey, hoary ; gills grey ; stem about i|- in. long, grey, with a 

 white bloom. 



Smell strong, rancid. 



Among pine leaves, etc. 



RUSSULA 



Cap regular, rigid, fleshy ; gills rigid, fragile, edge thin and sharp ; 

 stem central, stout, rigid ; ring absent. 



Most closely allied to Lactarius, differing in the absence of milk. 



I. Taste mild. (In some species the taste is mild at first and 

 gradually becomes more or less acrid.) 



* Gills ochraceous. 



R. alutacea. — Cap 2-4 in. across, blood-red or blackish purple 

 disc, or altogether becoming pale ; gills broad, deep ochraceous, not 

 powdery ; stem about 2 in. long, stout, white, often tinged red. 



Distinguished by the broad deep ochraceous gills that do not 

 become powdered with the spores. 



On woods, especially beech. 



