GLOSSARY. 259 



Safety lamp, a lamp surrounded by wire gauze, invented by 

 Dr. Davy to prevent explosions from the ignition of gas in 

 coal mines. 



Solar, pertaining to the sun. 



Sublimated, brought into a state of vapor by heat. 



Stamen, a slender threadlike organ in the centre of flowers. 



Summit, the apex or top. 



Stigma, the summit or top of the pistil. 



Style, the part of the pistil between the stigma and germ. 



Stomata, mouths, or orifices. 



Spongioles, the minute spongy suckers or extremities of roots. 



Spores, the seeds of cryptogaraous plants, bodies analagous to 

 the pollen grains of flowering plants. 



Sepal, a leaf of the calyx. 



Sagittate, arrow form. 



Segment, a part or principal division of a leaf, calyx, or corolla. 



Stellate, star form. 



Succulent, juicy. 



Shale, a solid form of clay, which usually divides into lamina. 



Saccharine, sweet, containing sugar. 



Spadix, an elongated receptacle of flowers, commonly proceed- 

 ing from a spathe. 



Scoria, volcanic cinders. 



Silicon, the substance which combined with oxygen constitutes 

 silicic acid or flint 



Sapphire, a hard mineral, consisting of crystalized alumina: it 

 is of various colors ; the Hue being generally called the sap- 

 phire ; the red, the oriental ruby ; the yellow, the oriental 

 topaz. 



Saline, salt, containing some salt. 



Sodium, the metallic base of soda. 



Steatite, soapstone, a hydrated silicate of magnesia and alumina. 



Snow-line, the lowest point on mountains at which there is per- 

 petual snow. 



