220 SECOND THOUSAND QUESTIONS IN AGRICULTURE 



agitated by pumping it into itself until a thick creamy liquid results. Soft 

 water should be used wherever possible, as it is almost essential to obtain- 

 ing a proper emulsion. 



For use on dormant trees and plants in the winter dilute the stock 

 solution one to five of water. On trees or plants in foliage dilute with 

 ten parts of water. 



Distillate Emulsion. 



Distillate (28 degrees Baume) 20 gallons 



Whale oil soap 30 pounds 



Water to mix 12 gallons 



Dissolve the whale oil soap in the water, heating it to the boiling 

 point; add the distillate and agitate thoroughly while the solution is hot. 

 For use add twenty gallons of water to each gallon of the above mixture. 



Carbolic Acid Emulsion. 



Whale oil soap 40 pounds 



Crude carbolic acid 5 gallons 



Water to mix 40 gallons 



Dissolve the soap in hot water (the soap must be entirely dissolved) ; 

 add the carbolic acid and heat to the boiling point for twenty minutes 

 (reserve some water to add in case the mixture begins to boil over). For 

 use add twenty gallons of water to every gallon of the above stock 

 solution. The emulsion needs little or no agitation. 



This spray is especially recommended for mealy bugs, but is also 

 suitable for plant lice and soft brown scale. It is also a good contact 

 insecticide for ants. 



Crude Oil Emulsion. 



Water 175 gallons 



Liquid soap 3 gallons 



Crude oil (21-24) 25 gallons 



Fill the spray tank with the 175 gallons of water ; add the liquid soap ; 

 agitate thoroughly for one minute, after which add the crude oil, con- 

 tinuing the agitation. 



If the liquid soap can not be had, use twenty pounds whale oil soap, 

 dissolve in ten gallons of boiling water, to which three pounds of lye 

 have been added. 



During the spraying operation this mixture should be thoroughly 

 agitated and great care taken to wet all of the twigs. From eight to 

 fifteen gallons should be used on a tree. The application should be made 

 from November to February. 



The crude oil emulsion is especially recommended for black scale, 

 European fruit Lecanium, European pear scale, cherry scale and other 

 scales infesting deciduous fruit trees. It should be applied in the winter, 

 when the trees are dormant. 



To also kill moss or lichens on fruit trees add two pounds of lye to 

 the formula of the stock solution. 



