146 



Transactions of the Horticnltural Society. 



24 



& from from from 

 1 10 10 10 



10 11 12 13 



10 10 10 



9 tens tens. lens. tens. Ltens. tens. tens. tens. 



IS 19 20 50 40 



ZZ^MTODD 



200 300 400 500 COO 700 SOO 90O 1000 2000 3000 4000 50OO 600O 



xjUK^Kmwiixiy 



7000 8000 9900 10,000 100,000 1,000,000. 440 550 



" To denote 30, I use the .sign 3, with the 10 on the top, 

 denoting 3 tens. For 40, 50, CO, 70, 80, and 90, I use the 

 same method, but placing the 10 in the openings of the 

 three first. 100 I denote by the sign of 1, having a notch 

 on both ends; and, on the same principle, I proceed with 

 hundreds, till I come to 1000, which requires a new sign, 

 which, however, is formed of two already in use. For 2000, 

 I make a notch at the bottom of the sign used for 2 ; and 

 for 3000, at the bottom of 3. We now proceed arbitra- 

 rily, and a notch on both legs denotes 4000 ; on the left arm, 

 5000; on the right arm, 6000 ; on both arms, 7000; on both 

 arms and one leg, 8000 ; on both arms and both legs, 9000. 

 10,000 is marked by the notch prefixed [in the figure]; 

 100,000, by the lOO'mark prefixed; 200,000, by the 200 

 mark, and so on. To give a few examples of numbers, 440 

 is denoted by the sign 400, and a notch in the opening ; also 

 550, 660, and 770, 880, and 990, by detached notches at the 

 top. Thus, it appears, the system of knife-marks on wood is 

 carried as far as it seems likely to be necessary, by means of 

 the simple combinations of a very small number of signs, 

 maintaining nearly throughout, a fixed relation to each other ; 

 and, probably, it will not be very easy to reduce it to greater 

 simplicity." 



35. Upon pruning and managing Divarf Standard Apple and Pear 

 Trees in a Garden. By Mr. William Greenshields, F.H.S. 



The object of Mr. Greenshields is to " make every branch, 

 as it were, a long spur, with bearing buds from the base to 



