Horticultural Society and Garden. 253 



taken from the adjoining surface, the patch is covered with the same species 

 and varieties of grasses, in the same degree of luxuriance as those around 

 it ; whereas, if it had been taken from some adjoining field or meadow, 

 the grasses might have been wholly or partly of a different species or 

 variety, or of the same species but in a different degree of luxuriance. 

 This last difference alone would have rendered the new surface, or patch, 

 of a different colour and rate of growth from the adjoining surface for 

 years to come. 



' Notwithstanding our entire disapproval of the original plan of the garden, 

 and of the alterations now going on, we wish never to lose an opportunity 

 of recommending all nurserymen, not only in Britain, but in Europe and 

 America, and, in short, throughout the world, to apply for scions and cut- 

 tings of the fruit trees and fruit shrubs grown at Chiswick; in order to 

 disseminate in all gardens, from that of the cottage to those of the palace, 

 the very superior new sorts of apples and pears, as speedily as possible ; 

 and also to effect a fundamental reformation in the nomenclature of 

 European fruits wherever they are cultivated. This recommendation we 

 shall make with more effect when the Society has published its de- 

 scriptive catalogue. In the mean time we trust that all European and 

 American nurserymen, but more especially those of our own island, who 

 propagate fruit trees, will look forward to establishing in their own grounds 

 specimen trees of each particular sort, from which they mean to take 

 scions or cuttings, and that these sorts shall, to a certainty, bear the names 

 given or approved by the Horticultural Society of London. Unless this 

 be done by every nurserjnian, without exception, who propagates fruit 

 trees, the Horticultural Society will have laboured, in a great measure, 

 in vain. 



The practice of taking grafts from young trees in the nursery lines 

 which have not borne fruit, has led to the confusion and error as to names, 

 which unavoidably prevails more or less in every nursery, not only in 

 Britain, but throughout the world, and must infallibly continue till the 

 practice we reconnnend is adopteti. The slightest error once committed 

 among the fruit trees, in a nursery where the scions are taken from the 

 lines, is perpetuated for ever in that nursery, and ramified into other 

 nurseries and gentlemen's gardens all over the country; but an error 

 committed among the fruit trees in a nursery where the grafts are taken 

 from stock plants, is limited to the specific case, and only deceives one 

 purchaser instead of hundreds and thousands. Either nurserymen must 

 resort to the practice of grafting from fruit-bearing stock plants, or they 

 must learn to know every variety of fruit from the wood or young shoots 

 of the tree which bears it ; a [)ractice which, though easy enough in some 

 cases, they will find ver}' difficult in a great many, and almost impracticable 

 in others, from the continual change which takes place in the workmen 

 of every nursery establishment which supplies country gentlemen with 

 gardeners. It is true that this mode of conducting the fruit-tree department 

 of a nurser}', bv the atldition of a pomarinm, or orchard, will require a'con- 

 siderable addition to the quantity of ground employed ; and will be unsafe 

 without a greater length of lease of tiie soil from the landlord than what 

 is now generally granted : but the ultimate effect of this will be, at least 

 if the purchasers of fruit trees act with due regard to their own interest, 

 to create a division of skill and labour among nurserymen. Many will give 

 uj) growing fruit trees altogether ; others will confine themselves to one 

 or two kinds, and purchase the rest from the trade for their customers. 

 Scarcely any nurseryman at present grows everything which he wants, 

 even if he deals in every thing; nor is this of any consequence at all as 

 to the nurseryman's profit or loss, since, so long as the trade between 

 nurserymen is free, all benefits or disadvantages of this kind must be 

 reciprocal. 



