recently removed Trees. 451 



hold for the nail or spike that attaches the prop ; and such 

 attachment should take place under the surface, that the wind 

 be not afforded a lever power against the stake. Neatness 

 and convenience will indicate the propriety of sawing off the 

 head of the stake level with or under the surface. When 

 the work is thus properly executed, I am entitled to conclude 

 that any tree it may be desirable to transplant, of whatever 

 magnitude, may with two stakes, two props, and four nails, be 

 eftectually supported so as to withstand the ordinary or usual 

 gales of the British Isles, and that in the most exposed 

 situations. Of this assertion my garden and shrubbery, 

 exposed to the violence of the south-easters that sweep the 

 Sol way, afford ample proof. 



I shall select as witnesses the following elders from among 

 a considerable number of juniors of less note. 



1. A Scotch bergamot pear tree, planted in January, 1821 ; 

 situation exceedingly exposed; girth 2ft. lOin. ; height now 

 only 22 ft., but previously to last year, when some grafts were 

 inserted, it was about 30 ft. high. It was propped the three 

 first years with strong props, nailed to a rejected branch 4 ft. 

 from the surface. 



It bore fruit the first and every subsequent season, and has 

 most perfectly preserved its perpendicular these nine years. 



2. and 3. Two English elms, nearly of a size. Medium 

 girth 2 ft. 2 in., height 23 ft. ; planted the same season as the 

 foregoing. The props nailed to the bolls of the trees. 



4. A beautiful yair pear tree, planted November, 1828; 

 bore fruit each season since, and is now ver^^ thriving ; girth 

 2 ft., height 26 ft. ; props nailed to a rejected branch 4J ft. 

 from the surface. It perfectly preserves its perpendicular, 

 and rises 8 ft. as now dressed, without giving off a branch. 



5. An autumn bergamot pear tree ; lower and more spread- 

 ing than the preceding; planted same day; girth 2ft. 2 in., 

 height 22 ft. Props were nailed to rejected branches, of which 

 the tree afforded many. It missed fruit the first, but bore 

 the second season, and preserves its perpendicular although 

 the props have been some months removed. 



6. A slender Huntingdon willow, taken from a sheltered to 

 an exposed situation, placed, indeed, in the front of the battle, 

 to protect against the storm its more favoured associates; 

 girth only 1 ft. 9 in., height 3 1 ft. Stood now about twenty- 

 eight months, and most perfectly preserves its perpendicular, 

 although it had very few roots when planted ; props nailed 

 with one nail only, of less than J in. square, to the boll, about 

 6^ ft. from the surface. 



7. A plane or sycamore, without any low or spar branches ; 



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