DISEASES OF THE GENEEATIVE ORGANS. 157 



the thighs, by the use of electricity, or by the careful use of nerve 

 stimulants, such as strychnin, 1 grain twice daily. 



ULCERS ON THE PENIS. 



Sores on the penis of the bull may result from gravel or sebaceous 

 masses in the sheath or from having served a cow having leucorrhea. 



Treatment. — These may be treated by frequent injections into the 

 sheath of a lotion made Avith 1 dram sugar of lead, 60 drops carbolic 

 acid, and 1 quart water. 



POLYPUS OF THE VAGINA OR UTERUS. 



A polypus is a tumor growing from the mucous membrane, and 

 often connected to it by a narrow neck. A definite cause can not 

 always be assigned. If growing in the vagina, a polypus may 

 project as a reddish, rounded tumor from the vulva, especially dur- 

 ing the act of passing water. It can be distinguished from descent 

 of the w^omb by the absence of the orifice of that cavity, which can 

 be felt by the oiled hand beyond the tumor in the depth of the 

 vagina. From a vaginal hernia caused by the protrusion of some 

 abdominal organ enveloped by the relaxed wall of the vagina it 

 may be distinguished by its persistence, its firm substance, and the 

 impossibility of returning it into the abdomen by pressure. A her- 

 nia containing a portion of bowel gurgles when handled and can 

 be completely effaced by pressure, the gut passing into the abdomen. 



A polypus in the w^omb is less easily recognized. At the time of 

 calving it may be felt through the open mouth of the womb and 

 recognized by the educated touch (it must be carefully distinguished 

 from the mushroom-formed cotyledons (PL XIII," fig. 2), to which 

 in ruminants the fetal membranes are attached). At other times, 

 unless the womb is opened in the effort to expel it, the polypus can 

 be detected only by examining the womb with the oiled hand intro- 

 duced through the rectum. 



Polypi may cause a mucopurulent discharge or they may only be 

 suspected when they prove an obstacle to parturition. The best way 

 to remove them is to put the chain of an ecraseur around the neck, 

 or pedicle, of the tumor and tear it through ; or the narrow neck 

 may be torn through by the emasculator, or in an emergency it 

 may be twisted through by rotating the tumor on its axis. The 

 removal of the tumor will allow calving to proceed; after this the 

 sore may be treated by a daily injection of one-half dram sulphate 

 of zinc, 1 dram carbolic acid, and 1 quart milk-Avarm water. 



SIGNS OF PREGNANCY. 



If a cow remains for three or four weeks after service without 

 showing signs of heat (bulling), she is probably pregnant. There 



