DISEASES OF THE GENERATIVE OEGANS. 191 



and pushed across to the opposite side of the neck, when the presenta- 

 tion will be natural. 



Head hent down heneath the neck. — In this case, with drooping 

 belly and womb allowing the brim of the pelvis to form a ridge, 

 the advancing calf, having unduly depressed its nose, strikes it on 

 the brim of the pelvis, and the neck advancing, the head is bent back 

 and the poll and ears either enter the pelvis or strike against its 

 brim. The two forefeet present, but they make no progress, and the 

 oiled hand introduced can detect no head until the poll is felt at the 

 entrance of the pelvis, between the forearms. The two forefeet 

 must be fixed with running nooses and dragged on moderately while 

 the oiled hand seeks to bring up the head. The hand is slid down 

 over the forehead and brim of the pelvis until the nose is reached, 

 when it is passed into the mouth, the muzzle resting in the palm of 

 the hand. The legs are now pushed upon, and in the space thus 

 gained the muzzle is drawn up so as to enter it into the pelvis. In 

 doing this the operator must carefully see that the mouth does not 

 drop open so that the sharp, front teeth cut through the floor of 

 the womb. Should this danger threaten, the hand should be made 

 to cover the lower jaw as well. The lessened security of the hold 

 is more than compensated by the safety of the procedure. With 

 the nose in the pelvis, it has only to be drawn forward and the par- 

 turition is natural. 



Head hent down beneath th^ breast. — This is an exaggerated con- 

 dition of that last named. The head, arrested by the brim of the 

 pelvis and already bent back on the neck, is pressed farther with 

 each successive throe until it has passed between the forelegs and 

 lodges beneath the breast bone. (PL XVI, fig. 4.) On examina- 

 tion, the narrow upper border of the neck is felt between the fore- 

 arms, but as a rule the head is out of reach below. Keeping the 

 hand on the neck and dragging on the feet by the aid of ropes, the 

 hand may come to touch and seize the ear, or, still better, one or two 

 fingers may be inserted into the orbit of the eye. 



Then in pushing back upon the limbs, with or without the aid of 

 a repeller applied against the shoulder, space may be obtained to 

 draw the head into a vertical position, and even to slip the hand 

 down so as to seize the nose. Should it prove impossible to draw the 

 head up with the unassisted fingers, a blunt hook (PL XXI, fig. 6) 

 may be inserted into the orbit, on which an assistant may drag while 

 another pushes upon the limbs or repeller. Meanwhile the operator 

 may secure an opportunity of reaching and seizing the nose or of 

 passing a blunt hook into the angle of the mouth. Success will be 

 better assured if two hooks (PL XXI, fig. 7) are inserted in the two 

 orbits, so as to draw up the head more evenly. In other cases a noose 

 may be placed on the upper jaw, or even around both jaws, and trac- 



